The mole concept - answerA method that allows the relative number of reactant
particles involved in a chemical reaction to be known
Avogadro's number - answernumber of representative particles in a mole, 6.02 X 10^23
Basic structures of atoms - answerThere is a nucleus in the center surrounded by an
electron cloud or field
Quantum numbers - answerQuantum numbers describe values of conserved quantities
in the dynamics of a quantum system. In the case of electrons, the quantum numbers
can be defined as "the sets of numerical values which give acceptable solutions to the
Schrödinger wave equation for the hydrogen atom"
Common compounds - answerWater (H2O), table salt (NaCL); carbon dioxide (CO2);
baking soda (NaHCO3); carbon monoxide (CO); sand or glass (SiO2)
Periodic properties - answerchemical or physical properties that vary among elements
according to trends that repeat as atomic number increases
What are the periodic properties? - answer
Element (on periodic table) - answer
Atomic number is the same as - answernumber of protons
Atomic mass is the same as - answerNumber of protons and neutrons
Different types of chemical bonding - answermetallic, covalent, ionic
What is covalent bonding and how does it work? - answerwhen atoms share one or
more pairs of electrons. They have similar electronegativities
What is ionic bonding? - answerwhen atoms transfer electrons. Large difference in
electronegativity
Examples of ionic bonds - answerNaCl
Cs2O
MgO
NH4NO3
What is metallic bonding? - answerthe chemical bonding that results from the attraction
between metal atoms and the surrounding sea of electrons
What is hydrogen bonding? - answerHydrogen bonding is the strongest intermolecular
force. it only happens when hydrogen is covalently bonded to fluorine, nitrogen or
oxygen because they're very electronegative and can pull the bonding electrons away
from the hydrogen.
Substances with hydrogen bonding have higher melting and boiling points because of
the extra energy needed to break the hydrogen bonds.
What is a dipole-dipole force? - answerThe attraction between the positive end of one
polar molecule and the negative end of another
What is a london dispersion force? - answerweak forces that result from temporary
shifts in the density of electrons in electron clouds
What is the lewis structure? - answerdiagrams that show the bonding between atoms of
a molecule and the lone pairs of electrons that may exist in the molecule.
Geometry of molecules - answerThe number of atomic orbitals used to create a set of
hybrid orbitals equals the number of orbitals generated by hybridization.
Lewis structure of Ozone - answerbent
Lewis structure of CO2 - answerlinear
Lewis structure of H2O - answerbent
Lewis structure of Methane - answertetrahedral structure
Lewis structure of ammonia - answertrigonal pyramidal
Lewis structure Ethene - answer
Lewis structure Ethane - answer
Lewis Structure methanol - answer
Lewis Structure propanol - answer
Lewis Structure ethers - answer
Lewis Structure salicylic acid (phenol) - answer
The benefits of buying summaries with Stuvia:
Guaranteed quality through customer reviews
Stuvia customers have reviewed more than 700,000 summaries. This how you know that you are buying the best documents.
Quick and easy check-out
You can quickly pay through credit card for the summaries. There is no membership needed.
Focus on what matters
Your fellow students write the study notes themselves, which is why the documents are always reliable and up-to-date. This ensures you quickly get to the core!
Frequently asked questions
What do I get when I buy this document?
You get a PDF, available immediately after your purchase. The purchased document is accessible anytime, anywhere and indefinitely through your profile.
Satisfaction guarantee: how does it work?
Our satisfaction guarantee ensures that you always find a study document that suits you well. You fill out a form, and our customer service team takes care of the rest.
Who am I buying these notes from?
Stuvia is a marketplace, so you are not buying this document from us, but from seller julianah420. Stuvia facilitates payment to the seller.
Will I be stuck with a subscription?
No, you only buy these notes for £13.94. You're not tied to anything after your purchase.