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UK Physical Characteristics Topic 7 UK in the 21st Century
• Most mountains are located in the north and west, Land use in the UK
such as Wales and Scotland.
Land use varies throughout Arable farmland (20%) UK Population Distribution
• These areas have few roads and settlements but
beautiful scenery. – Sparsely populated. the UK. However our land dominates because of the Low
• South and east of the UK is flat with a few hilly areas. is always changing. warm, sunny and dry
Nonetheless, the vast climate. Crops such as Much of Northern Scotland is sparse due to a mountainous landscape
• These areas are suited for settlements, roads and and difficult climate.
railways – Densely populated. majority of the UK is cereals and vegetables are
• Rivers flow from mountainous areas down to the sea. farmland. found in the South and East. High
UK mountain areas Coniferous woodland Rest of the UK because of the gentle hills, moderate climate and good
UK Rainfall Patterns (Scotland) have rough (12%) are found in northern transport routes.
pastures and moorlands. England, Wales and Very High
• Highest rainfall is in the north and west where The climate is harsh and soil Scotland. There areas have
average rainfall is 2500mm. is poor for crops poor soils and are remote. Population is concentrated around the South East of England, in cities
such as London, due to attractions of employment, shops and
• Lowest rainfall is in the south and east with average Urban areas (14%) are entertainment.
Grasslands (52%) are found
rainfall of 500 – 625mm. growing. This outward
in the west. It is ideal for
growth or sprawling urban
cattle and sheep because of
Water stress in the UK developments is cased by
the mild and wet climate.
population growth.
Water stress is when areas have limited water supply.
UK Housing Shortage
Population in the UK
Problems Solutions
Problem and Reasons
The UK population is 65 million and still rising. It is
• Most rainfall occurs in • Water can be
predicted to reach 70 million by 2030. • The UK population is rising and therefore more houses are
North & West but least transferred from the
needed.
rainfall in South & East. wetter west to drier Reasons for growth Future of growth
• UK needs to build 240,000 homes a year, but only half that are
• South & East UK east by pipelines or
Natural increase – the The UK’s population built.
therefore have High rivers.
difference between deaths pyramid shows that the • As a result, house prices are rising and becoming too expensive.
demands. • Construct new
and births. country’s birth rate is fairly
• Demands involve reservoirs in the east to • Planning permission for new houses leads to local opposition.
Net migration – the low and death rate is also
domestic, industrial & capture/store more • Green belt areas prevents urban areas becoming bigger.
difference between low meaning there are
agricultural uses. water. • The price of lands keeps rising due to demand.
immigration to the UK and more elderly people.
• Greater water
emigration from the UK. Population pyramids are
conservation.
Life expectancy – the useful to help plan for the
average age someone will future.
live up to.
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