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Cpn Exam- Moderate And Low Priority Questions And Answers With Verified Solutions (GRADED A+)
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Cpn Exam- Moderate And Low Priority Questions And Answers With Verified Solutions (GRADED A+)
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Cpn Exam- Moderate And Low PriorityQuestions And Answers With Verified
Solutions (GRADED A+)
Anemia - ANSWER✔✔ decrease in serum hemoglobin (11.5-14.5) that can be
acute or chronic
Acute Anemia Manifestations - ANSWER✔✔ acute tissue hypoxia
muscle weakness, fatigue, pallor, lightheaded, increased HR
Chronic Anemia Manifestations - ANSWER✔✔ compensated anemia
growth retardation, delayed sexual maturation, increased HR, heart murmur
Iron Deficiency Anemia - ANSWER✔✔ most prevalent nutritional disorder in the
US
lack of iron leads to small RBC that break and do not carry oxygen well
Iron Deficiency Anemia at risk population - ANSWER✔✔ premature infants and
multiple birth infants
fetal transfer of iron is highest in last trimester, full term infants have 6 month
store of iron
Poor source of iron intake - ANSWER✔✔ whole milk
identify excessive milk intake or early introduction of whole milk
,Iron Supplementation Interventions - ANSWER✔✔ temporarily stain teeth-
medicine dropper and brush teeth after
absorption best between meals with citrus fruit or juice
stool should be tarry green or black when iron levels are adequate
sickle cell disease - ANSWER✔✔ genetic disorder causing abnormal HGB S
RBC get trapped in vasculature causing dehydration and hypoxia
RBC lifespan in chronic hemolytic anemia - ANSWER✔✔ 20 days
Normal RBC lifespan - ANSWER✔✔ 90-120 days
Vasoocclusive pain crisis - ANSWER✔✔ rbcs will un-sickle with adequate oxygen
and hydration
to prevent, promote hydration, avoid extreme cold or heat
sickle cell disease fever/infection - ANSWER✔✔ caused by splenic failure
(decreases ability to fight infection)
first sign of bacteremia is fever
monitor for sepsis, start abx (penicillin)
pneumococcal vaccine helps prevent infections
Altered Clotting Function Disorder Names - ANSWER✔✔ Immune/ Idiopathic
Thrombocytopenia Purpura (ITP)
Hemophilia
,Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation (DIC)
Immune/ Idiopathic Thrombocytopenic Purpura (ITP) - ANSWER✔✔ acquired
hemorrhagic disorder that results in the autoimmune distruction of platelets in
spleen
most children are age 2-10 and completely recover within 2 months
Idiopathic Thrombocytopenic Purpura Assessment - ANSWER✔✔ petechiae,
bruises, and bleeding (urine and gums)
Idiopathic Thrombocytopenic Purpura treatment - ANSWER✔✔ If platelets
<20,000- IVIG (responds in 10-12 hours)
Anti-D antibody (winrho) less expensive than IVIG (5-10 minutes IV, response in
48 hours)
Bleeding Precautions - ANSWER✔✔ avoid ibuprofen, injections, and trauma
hemophilia - ANSWER✔✔ group of bleeding disorders where there is a deficiency
in one of the factors necessary for coagulation of blood
severe can cause spontaneous bleeding- give factor VIII or IX
Immobilize and elevate affected area, ROM exercises, prevent injury
Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation (DIC) - ANSWER✔✔ Caused by trauma,
transfusion reaction, cancer
consumption of clotting factors and platelets leads to massive bleeding from
multiple sites resulting in hypovolemia
, Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation Treatment - ANSWER✔✔ transfuse FFP
and platelets
PRBC Administration - ANSWER✔✔ VS prior to start
IV NS to piggyback tubing
Administer 20% of transfusion slowly, then can speed up
Transfusion Reactions- types - ANSWER✔✔ STOP INFUSION, START NS
hemolytic- flank pain, severe HA, dyspnea, shock, renal failure
allergic- hives and itching
febrile- fever/ chills
Hypothyroidism - ANSWER✔✔ thyroid hormone regulates basal metabolic rate
can be either congenital or acquired
Hypothyroidism Assessment - ANSWER✔✔ impaired growth/ development
constipation
sleepy
hypotonia, hypothermia
slow pulse
weight gain
Congenital Hypothyroidism Assessment - ANSWER✔✔ intellectual disability,
enlarged tongue, hoarse cry
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