CEH v12 System Hacking Exam
Questions and Answers
Non-Electronic Attacks - Answer -Non-electronic or non-technical attacks do not require
any technical knowledge about hacking or system exploitation. Shoulder surfing, social
engineering, dumpster diving, etc.
Active Online Attacks - Answer -This is one of the easiest ways to gain unauthorized
administrator-level system access. Attacker communicates with the target machine to
gain password access. Techniques used to perform active online attacks include
password guessing, dictionary and brute-forcing attacks, hash injection, LLMNR/NBT-
NS poisoning, use of Trojans/spyware/keyloggers, etc.
Passive Online Attacks - Answer -A passive attack is a type of system attack that does
not lead to any changes in the system. The attacker does not have to communicate with
the system, but passively monitor or record the data passing over the communication
channel, to and from the system. The data are then used to break into the system.
Techniques used to perform passive online attacks include wire sniffing, man-in-the-
middle attacks, replay attacks, etc.
Offline Attacks - Answer -Offline attacks refer to password attacks in which an attacker
tries to recover cleartext passwords from a password hash dump. Offline attacks are
often time-consuming but have a high success rate, as the password hashes can be
reversed owing to their small keyspace and a short length. Attackers use pre-computed
hashes from rainbow tables to perform offline and distributed network attacks.
CCleaner - Answer -A system optimization, privacy, and cleaning tool. It allows
attackers to remove unused files and cleans traces of Internet browsing details from the
target PC. With this tool, an attacker can very easily erase his/her tracks.
OpenStego - Answer -OpenStego is a steganography application that provides the
following functions.
-Data Hiding: It can hide any data within a cover file (e.g., images)
-Watermarking: Watermarking files (e.g., images) with an invisible signature. It can be
used to detect unauthorized file copying.
Vindicate - Answer -An LLMNR/NBNS/mDNS spoofing detection toolkit for network
administrators. Security professionals use this tool to detect name service spoofing.
This tool helps them to quickly detect and isolate attackers on their network. It is
designed to detect the use of hacking tools such as Responder, Inveigh, NBNSpoof,
and Metasploit's LLMNR, NBNS, and mDNS spoofers while avoiding false positives
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