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A&P Chapter 21 Immune System exam questions and answers
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A&P Chapter 21 Immune System exam questions and answers
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A&P Chapter 21Immune System exam
questions and answers
two systems of immunity in humans - answer innate system (non-
specific)
adaptive system (specific)
structures of the immune system - answer immune cells, antibodies,
chemicals
first line of defense - answer innate
surface barriers:
skin, mucous membranes and their secretions
second line of defense - answer innate
internal defenses:
phagocytes, NK cells, inflammation, antimicrobial proteins, fever
,third line of defense - answer adaptive
humoral immunity: B cells
cellular immunity: T cells
anatomically, the immune system is a ----- system - answer functional
(as opposed to an organ system)
skin's action in first line of defense - answer keratin presents a physical
barrier
skin and vaginal secretions are acidic
sebum chemicals are toxic to bacteria
mucous membrane's action in the first line of defense - answer mucosa
traps microorganisms (digestive, respiratory, urinary and reproductive
tracts)
stomach lining secretes HCl and digestive enzymes
saliva and tears contain lysozyme
lysozyme - answer enzyme that destroys bacteria
local action in the second line of defnse - answer inflammation
, inflammation's action in the second line of defense - answer enlist WBC
and their chemicals, raises temperature
systematic action in the second line of defense - answer fever
destroy pathogens by phagocytosis - answer phagocytes
types of phagocytes - answer macrophages
neutrophils
eosinophils
macrophages - answer derived from monocycte
phagocytotic
neutrophil - answer become phagocytes when meeting infectious
microorganisms
eosinophils - answer important against parasitic worms
germs entering tissues are confronted by ---- - answer phagocytes
natural killer cells - answer can lyse and kill cancer cells and virus-
infected cells (via apoptosis)
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