1. True or false. Neuropharmacologic drugs have high selectivity. Answer:
True. Neu- ropharmacologic drugs have high selectivity because the
nervous system uses many different receptor types.
2. What are 3 functions of the ANS? Answer: 1. Regulate the heart
2. regulate the secretory glands (salivary, gastric, sweat, and bronchial)
3.Regulate the smooth muscles (bronchi, blood vessels, urogenital
system, and GI tract)
5. What are the regulatory functions of the PNS? Answer: 1. Slowing HR
2. Increasing gastric secretions
3. Emptying the bladder
4. Emptying the bowel
5. Focusing the eyes for near vision
6. Constricting the pupils
7. Contracting bronchial smooth muscles
6. What are the functions of the SNS? Answer: 1. Regulation of the CV
system
2. Regulation of body temp
3. Implementation of the "fight-or-flight" response
7. How does the SNS regulate the CV system? Answer: 1. Maintaining
blood flow to the brain
2. Redistributing blood
3. Compensating for lost blood
8. How does the SNS regulate body temp? Answer: 1. Regulates blood flow
to the skin
2. Promotes secretion of sweat
3. Induces piloerection
9. What are the effects of the "fight-or-flight" response? Answer: 1.
Increased HR and BP
2. Shunting of blood away from the skin and viscera
3. Dilation of the bronchi
4. Pupil dilation
5. Mobilization of stored energy
10.What is the baroreceptor reflex? Answer: -Receptors near heart
monitor BP changes and send info to brain
-Brain activates ANS to restore BP to normal
-When BP falls, baroreceptor reflex causes vasoconstriction and
increases cardiac output
-When BP rises, baroreceptor reflex causes vasodilation and reduces
cardiac output
, NURS 5334 Module 4
11.Where is acetylcholine employed? Answer: Most junctions of the PNS
12.Where is norepinephrine released? Answer: By most postganglionic
neurons
13.Where is epinephrine released? Answer: Adrenal medulla
14.What are cholinergic receptors mediated by? Answer: Acetylcholine
15.What are cholinergic receptor subtypes? Answer: Nicotinic and
muscarinic
16.What are the functions of nicotinic receptors? Answer: -Ganglionic
transmission at all ganglia of the SNS and PNS
-Promotes release of epi from the adrenal medulla
17.What are the functions of muscarinic receptors? Answer: -Increased
glandular se- cretions (pulmonary, gastric, intestinal, and sweat)
-Contraction of smooth muscles in bronchial and GI tract
-Slowing of HR
-Contraction of sphincter muscles of iris (miosis)
-Contraction of ciliary muscle of the eye (near vision)
-Dilation of blood vessels
-Voiding of urinary bladder
18.What are adrenergic receptors mediated by? Answer: epi and NE
19.What are adrenergic receptor subtypes? Answer: -Alpha 1
-Alpha 2
-Beta 1
-Beta 2
-Dopamine
20.What are the functions of alpha 1 receptors? Answer: -Vasoconstriction
-Ejaculation
-Contraction of bladder neck and prostate
21.What are the functions of alpha 2 receptors? Answer: -Minimal clinical
significance
-Located in presynaptic junction
22.What are the functions of beta 1 receptors? Answer: Heart Answer:
-Increased HR
-Increased force of contraction
-Increased velocity of conduction in atrioventricular (AV) node
Kidney Answer:
-Renin release
23.What are the functions of beta 2 receptors? Answer: -Bronchial dilation
-Relaxation of uterine muscle
, NURS 5334 Module 4
-Vasodilation
-Glycogenolysis
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