Probability and Statistics Comprehensive Exam Questions And Complete Detailed Answers 100% Verified.
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Module
B LAW 3391
Institution
B LAW 3391
Uses of statistics - correct answer -Used to organize and summarize information
-Used to determine exactly what conclusions are justified based on the results that were obtained
Statistics: - correct answer ...
Uses of statistics - correct answer -Used to organize and summarize
information
-Used to determine exactly what conclusions are justified based on the results that were obtained
Statistics: - correct answer set of mathematical procedures for organizing,
summarizing and interpreting information
Goals of statistical procedure - correct answer Accurate and meaningful
interpretation
Population - correct answer the set of all the individuals of interest in a
particular study
-always identified by the researcher
Sample - correct answer -a set of individuals selected from a population,
usually intended to represent the population in a research study.
Variable - correct answer a characteristic or condition that changes or has
different values for different individuals.
-height, weight, gender, or personaility
can me environmental conditions-temp, time of day, size of the room
Data - correct answer Measurements or observations of a variable
Data set- - correct answer a collection of measurements or observations
Datum - correct answer a single measurement or observation
-commonly called a a score or raw score
,Parameter - correct answer -A value, usually a numerical value, that describes
a population.
-Derived from measurements of
the individuals in
the population
Statistic - correct answer -A value, usually a numerical value, that describes a
sample
-Derived from measurements of
the individuals in
the sample
Descriptive Statistics - correct answer -Summarize data
-Organize data
-Simplify data
-summarizes a set of scores by computing an average
Examples- Tables, graphs, averages
Inferential statistics - correct answer Study samples to make generalizations
about the population
Sampling error - correct answer -Sample is never identical to population
-The discrepancy, or amount of error, that
exists between a sample statistic and the corresponding population parameter
Goal of Experimental method - correct answer To demonstrate a cause-and-
effect relationship
Manipulation - correct answer The level of one variable is determined by the
experimenter
, -The reacher manipulates one variable by changing its value from one level to another
-second variable is observed to determine whether the manipulation causes changes to occur
Control - correct answer -rules out influence of other variables
-exercise control over the research situation to ensure that other, extraneous variables do not influence
the relationship being examined
-Participant variables
-Environmental variables
Independent Variable - correct answer -variable manipulated by the
researcher
-is the Independent because no other variable in the study influences its value
Dependent variable - correct answer is the one observed to assess the effect
of treatment
-Dependent because its value is thought to depend on the value of the independent variable
Correlational Research - correct answer Inferential/Descriptive Statistic (r)
-Describes strength of linear relation between two variables
-Strength of relation = degree of association
-Properties of r
-Ranges between -1 and 1 inclusive
-Sign (+ or -) gives direction of relation
Disadvantages:
correlation does not indicate causation
Advantages: study variables that are not easily produced in the laboratory
Constructs - correct answer -Internal attributes or characteristics that cannot
be directly observed
- Useful for describing and explaining behavior
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