Cardiac syncope - · Caused by various heart conditions
o Bradycardia
o Tachycardia
o Certain types of hypotension
o May be exercise triggered
· Palpitations
· Exercise triggered
· Residual findings include incontinence, disorientation, and more likely to have injury associated
Assessmen...
NURS 629 Exam 4
Cardiac syncope - · Caused by various heart conditions
o Bradycardia
o Tachycardia
o Certain types of hypotension
o May be exercise triggered
· Palpitations
· Exercise triggered
· Residual findings include incontinence, disorientation, and more likely to have injury associated
Assessment tests for an injury of Anterior or Posterior Cruciate ligament (ACL or PCL) - Elicit a
positive anterior/posterior drawer sign.
Osgood-Schlatter disease - · Most common in later childhood and early adolescence.
· painful swelling and tenderness of the tibial tuberosity
· Most common in children who participate in sports
· *Initial treatment is stretching
Treatment recommendation for sprained ankle - · *Apply cold for 20 minutes, then take off for 30-
45 minutes and repeat for the first 24-48 hours
· Rest, elevation, compression
Legg-Calve-Perthes Disease - · Idiopathic osteonecrosis of femoral head
· 4 times more common in males
· Hip pain, knee pain, or painless limp that is worse at end of day
· *Frog-leg X-ray is BEST to diagnose
Slipped Capital Femoral Epiphysis risk factors - o obesity
, o male gender
o sports
o femoral retroversion
o hypothyroidism
o average age of presentation is 12 years old for girls and 13 years old for boys
Management and treatment of reflux in children - · Breastfed infants continue to breastfeed
· For formula-fed infants:
o 2-week trial of extensively hydrolyzed formula or amino acid-based formula to exclude CMA
o Thicken formula
Slipped capital femoral epiphysis clinical findings - o Limping
o Knee and/or hip pain
o Pain is worse with activity
o Localized pain to the anterior thigh or knee
o May be unable to bear weight altogether
o Exam findings is loss of internal rotation of the hip with flexion
o Affected extremity usually is shorter
o Loss of abduction and extension
· Diagnosis
o X-ray
· Treatment:
o Always referral to pediatric orthopedics
o Keep non-weightbearing until surgical evaluation
Scoliosis - abnormal lateral curvature of the spine
Most common type is idiopathic
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