Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs - answer-Popular motivational theory proposed by
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Abraham Maslow in 1943.
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Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs Main Idea - answer-Individuals must satisfy a basic series
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of needs before they can reach their potential.
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Maslow's Deficiency Needs - answer-Physiological, Safety, Love and Belonging, and
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Esteem
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Maslow's Growth Needs - answer-Cognitive, Aesthetic, Self-Actualization,
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Transcendence
v
Maslow's Physiological Need - answer-Biological needs for survival, food, water, shelter
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Maslow's Safety Need - answer-Protection from the elements, law and order, financial
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security, and freedom from fear.
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Maslow's Love and Belonging Need - answer-Need for interpersonal relationships -
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friendships, intimacy, being part of a group.
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Maslow's Esteem Need - answer-Self-respect, respect from others, achievement, status,
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and prestige.
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Maslow's Cognitive Need - answer-Curiosity, knowledge, and intellectual exploration
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Maslow's Aesthetic Need - answer-Need focuses on the search for and expression of
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beauty and balance.
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Maslow's Self-Actualization Need - answer-Personal growth and fulfillment and the
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realization of one's personal potential as a human being.
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Maslow's Transcendence Need - answer-Meeting spiritual needs or helping others
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achieve self-actualization.
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Arnold Gesell - answer-First theorist to observe and document stages of physical
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development.
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, Gesell's Maturational Theory - answer-Child's growth & development are influenced by
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both their environment and genes in sequential order
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Infancy - answer-The stage of development that begins at birth and lasts between 18
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vand 24 months. Dozens of motor skills are added.
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Early Childhood - answer-The stage of development from 2 - 6 years old. Improvements
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occur in both fine and gross motor skills.
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Middle Childhood - answer-The stage of development from 6 - 10 years old. Slow but
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steady gains in weight and height.
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Adolescence - answer-The stage of development from 10 - 18 years old. Weight and
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height increase rapidly and puberty begins.
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Jean Piaget - answer-Swiss psychologist known for his Theory of Cognitive
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Development.
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Piaget's Theory of Cognitive Development - answer-Theory that suggests children move
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through four different stages of development. Sensorimotor, Preoperational, Concrete
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Operational, and Formal Operational.
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Sensorimotor Stage - answer-Stage of development from birth to 2 years. Infants and
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toddlers acquire knowledge through sensory experiences and manipulating objects.
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Object Permanence - answer-The understanding that objects continue to exist even
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when they cannot be seen. Major development of sensorimotor stage.
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Preoperational Stage - answer-Stage of development from 2 to 7 years. Kids learn
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through pretend play. Egocentric and struggle to see others perspective.
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Concrete Operational Stage - answer-Stage of development from 7 to 11 years. Logical
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thought begins, and they understand the idea of conservation.
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Formal Operational Stage - answer-Stage of development for 12 years and up. Abstract
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thought begins. Higher order thinking and ability to systematically plan for future.
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Schema - answer-Categories of knowledge that help us to interpret and understand the
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world. An organized pattern of behavior or thought.
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Assimilation - answer-Process of using or transforming the environment so that it can be
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placed in preexisting cognitive structures (schema).
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Accomodation - answer-Process of changing cognitive structures (schema) in order to
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accept something from the environment. Can also develop new schemas.
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