ARC 221- Kory B, Miami University Exam 1 || with 100% Errorless Answers.
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Module
ARC 221- Kory B, Miami
Institution
ARC 221- Kory B, Miami
Context correct answers Physical surroundings and non-physical conditions that motivate design Ex: a house in a hill
-Helps explain why the structure is designed how it is
Form correct answers general shape; overall massing Ex: pyramids have almost perfect this, very geometrical even if they ar...
ARC 221- Kory B, Miami University Exam 1 || with 100%
Errorless Answers.
Context correct answers Physical surroundings and non-physical conditions that motivate design
Ex: a house in a hill
-Helps explain why the structure is designed how it is
Form correct answers general shape; overall massing Ex: pyramids have almost perfect this, very
geometrical even if they are just a bunch of rocks
Materiality (materials) correct answers building's actual materials and how the way those
materials are expressed
-can emphasize the material or try to cover it up
Program/function correct answers what does the construction satisfy; the use or purposes a
building is constructed to facilitate
-will see slippage between form and this
Architect correct answers professional designer of buildings
Patron correct answers person who commissions a building and funds its construction
Vernacular correct answers non-elite structures built by their inhabitants; determined by local
materials and cultures
Decoration/ornament correct answers something that is added, often non-structural, intended to
impart cultural meaning and/or beauty
Structure correct answers the systems of support by a building (can inter-lap with
design/decoration)
Anthropological method correct answers way of infering how old, perishable structures used to
be build by looking at primitive societies of today's time
Ex would be looking at the Baka people and comparing them to the ancient Sami people
Menhir correct answers a single upright megalith
Alignments correct answers long rows of menhirs, looks almost like a cemetery to me, but we
don't really know what they were
Cromlech correct answers circle of standing megaliths
Dolmen correct answers chambers consisting of two or more vertical stones supporting a large
horizontal stone
, Trabeation correct answers 2 columns supporting a beam
Orthostat correct answers flat, upright stones
Tumulus correct answers mound of earth and stone over passageway; an artificial mound of earth
and stones placed over a grave
Corbelling correct answers In architecture, a construction, technique in which each course of
stone projects slightly beyond the one below
-think of an igloo kind of
Ex: Newgrange Passage Grave
Revetment correct answers the exposed surface layer of a composite wall
-I think they can have engravings/artwork on them
Sarsen correct answers common name for Muslim; refers to anything non-Christian
Sarsen stones correct answers sandstone boulders
Trilithon correct answers a structure consisting of two large vertical stones (posts) supporting a
third stone set horizontally across the top (lintel)
Tenon and Mortise correct answers these joints were how the stones at Stonehenge were held
together
Mesopotamia correct answers "land between the rivers"
Cuniform correct answers wedge shaped writing developed in Sumer; originally developed to
keep track of food supply
Proto-Urban correct answers city that only consists of houses; no public spaces
Tell correct answers Arabic word for mound
The Epic of Gildamesh correct answers the first writing to tell us something about the
Mesopotamian culture
Ziggurat correct answers massive pyramidal stepped tower made of mudbricks. It is associated
with religious complexes in ancient Mesopotamian cities, but its function is unknown
- humans wished to reach the gods with theses
Agrarian correct answers this civilization had surplus of food, a king, state religion/priestly caste,
specialization of labor, cuniform writing, armies and warfare, and first monumental public
architecture
Propylon correct answers monumental gate before a palace, temple, or city
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