Exam (elaborations)
EXAM #2 NUR 104/41 ACCURATE QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
EXAM #2 NUR 104/41 ACCURATE QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
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EXAM #2 NUR 104/41 ACCURATEQUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
Where is calcium stored? - -99% in bones 1% in blood
-Why is it important to order an ionized calcium sample? - -only 40% of it is
actually doing something in the blood, the rest is bound to protein or other
substancese
-What is the follow up lab test to check when calcium is low? - -protein
(albumin)
if low calcium AND low protein AND no s/s of hypoCa...not worried
-What are the functions of Ca? - -nerve and muscle impulses
role in blood coagulation
-What does calcitonin do? - -decreases blood calcium levels
-What does parathyroid hormone do? - -increases blood calcium
activates vitamin d (calcitrol)
-What is calcitriol? - -active form of vitamin D
-What are possible causes of hypocalcemia? - -Hypoparathyroidism
malabsorption
pancreatitis (makes soap)
alkalosis (H+Pro break up, Ca binds to free protein)
aminoglycosides
LOOP diuretics
-What kind of relationship do calcium and phosphorus have? - -INVERSE
when P high, Ca low
when Ca high, P low
, -What does calcium do overall to the body? - -Calcium calms
when LOW calcium muscles and nerves firing like crazy and rigid
-What are manifestations of hypocalcemia? - -tetany
circumoral numbness
paresthesias
hyperactive DTRs
Trousseau's sign (wrist)
Chovstek's sign (cheek)
seizures
respiratory symptoms of dyspnea and laryngospasm
abnormal clotting
TORSADES
-What are priority manifestations of hypocalcemia? - -seizures
dyspnea and laryngospasm
torsades
-What meds would you give for hypocalcemia? - -IV Ca gluconate
calcium + vti D supplements
diet
-Nursing interventions for hypocalcemia? - -seizure precuations
Tele (torsades)
education
-What are possible causes of hypercalcemia? - -malignancy
hyperparathyroidism
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