Exam (elaborations)
Nu 664 final Exam Questions with Answers 2024/2025
Nu 664 final Exam Questions with Answers 2024/2025
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Nu 664 final Exam Questions withAnswers 2024/2025
urinary tract infection (UTI) - -invasion of pathogenic organisms (commonly
bacteria) in the urinary tract, especially the urethra and bladder; symptoms
include dysuria, urinary frequency, and malaise
-UTI clinical manifestations - -LOWER- frequency, smell, urgency, burning,
concentrated, hematuria, super pubic pressure/pain
UPPER- All of the above plus fever, flank pain, and chills
-Uncomplicated UTI - -Occurs in otherwise normal urinary tract . Affects
women
Usually involves only the bladder.
Uti in men is always complicated
-cysitis - -inflammation of the bladder
-Causes of uncomplicated UTIs? - -Sexual intercourse, impaired voiding, use
of spermicides , estrogen defieciency , abx use
-Most UTIs are caused by - -Gram-negative rods from the GI tract. ( ecoli)
-Risk factors for UTIs - -Female gender
Vaginal infections
Bubble baths and vaginal deodorant sprays
Dehydration
Tight-fitting synthetic undergarments
Infrequent voiding
First trimester of pregnancy
Trauma during delivery
Urinary calculi
Diabetes
Sickle cell trait
-Frequent UTIs - -More than 3x/year or 2 in 6 months
-UTI diagnosis confirmed - -urinalysis
-UTI treatment - -Complicated: Fluoroquinolones are typically the first-line
choice.
, Uncomplicated:
Macrodantin 100mg x 5 days
Bactrim DS BID x 3 days
Cipro 250 bid x 3 days
Levaquin 250mg x 3 days
-UTI pathogens - -E. Coli
Enterococcus
Klebsiella
Proteusy
-pyelonephritis - -inflammation of the kidney and renal pelvis
-Pyelonephritis treatment - -outpatient: ciprofloxacin, levaquin, bactrim ds x
14 days y
inpatient: ampicillin/gentamicin
-Florquinolones in elderly - -Do not use due to increased dementia and
seizure
-UTI patient teaching - --avoid tub baths, spermicides, oil-bass lube,
perfume to peritoneal area
-void after intercourse
-cotton underwear and no tight fitting stuff
-hygienic care --> front to back wiping
-increase fluid intake to 8-10 glasses a day
-prostatitis - -acute or chronic inflammation of the prostate.
-Prostatitis symptoms - -Prostate is swollen, tender, firm, and warm to
touch. Caused by bacterial infection
• fever, chills, dysuria, urgency, frequency, dribbling, and pain.
-Gornorrhea tx - -
-Syphilis - -an STD that attacks many parts of the body and is caused by a
small bacterium called a spirochete
-vaginitis - -inflammation of the vagina with redness, swelling, and
irritation; often caused by a specific organism, such as Candida (yeast) or
Trichomonas (a sexually transmitted parasite)
-Genital warts treatment - -genital warts (=condylomata acuminata)
*cryotherapy with liquid nitrogen*
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