Pharmacology Quiz One
Terms in this set (128)
Original
Pharmacokinetics
is the process of drug movement throughout the body necessary to achieve drug action. (How drugs
move into & out of the body; “The commute to work”)
Phases of Pharmacokinetics?
▹ Absorption, distribution, metabolism (or biotransformation) , excretion (or elimination)
▹ ADME
Absorption
▹ How does the drug enter into the blood stream
→ PO: Stomach/Intestines then into portal circulation to liver
→ A drug is NOT absorbed until it leaves GI tract & enters Bloodstream
Distribution
▹ How the drug gets delivered through the blood to cells & tissues throughout the body
%
Metabolism (or biotransformation)
▹ How does it get broken down & changed by body so it can be used or eliminated
Excretion (or elimination)
▹ How does the drug exit the body
Pharmacodynamics
is the study of the effects of drugs on the body. (How drugs affect the body “What job I actually do
at work”)
Enteric-coated (EC)
drugs resist disintegration in the gastric acid of the stomach, so disintegration does not occur until the
drug reaches the alkaline environment of the small intestine.
Can we crush it - NO!!
Do not crush any extended- or sustained-release drugs because this will change the pharmacokinetic
phase of the drug.
Drugs
A chemical used to bring about a therapeutic effect or change in the body. Regulated by Law. Most
are prescribed however some are purchased without a prescription.
Chemical Name
Describes the drug's chemical structure.
, (ex: C18H14CI2FN3)
Brand Name (trade)
Also known as the proprietary name, is chosen by the drug company and is usually a registered
trademark. Drug companies market a compound using its brand name.
(ex: Lunesta is the (proprietary) brand name of a drug whose generic name is eszopiclone; Versed;
Advil, Medipren, Motrin, and Nuprin)
begin with a capital letter.
Generic Name
It is the official, nonproprietary name for the drug; this name is not owned by any drug company and
is universally accepted; midazolam, ibuprofen;
given in lowercase letters!
Over the Counter Drugs (OTC)
Non-Prescription
→ Does NOT mean they are safe.
→ Need to educate/teach patients to READ the label of OTC medication for hidden ingredient APAP,
ASA). Also to read safety warnings.
Max of APAP in a day
Maximum dose is 3250 mg daily unless under health care provider supervision, then 4 g daily may be
%
used.
Indication
Why is the medication being given for?
○ ex: Opioids → Decrease Pain
○ ex: Aspirin → Headache
Adverse Effects (AE)
Drowsiness, mental confusion, nausea, constipation, and dose- dependent respiratory depression.
When taken with alcohol, users may experience dangerous slowing of heart rate and breathing
leading to coma or death.
When taken with serotonergic drugs (e.g., selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors [SSRIs],
serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors [SNRIs], and antimigraine agents), serotonin syndrome
may occur. Symptoms of serotonin syndrome include agitation, hallucinations, coma, tachycardia,
hypertension, hyperthermia, and rigidity.
Prophylactically
Prevent a potential problem
How can we prophylactically prevent constipation in a patient that is receiving Opioids or after surgery
to prevent straining?
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