Some examples from this set of practice questions
1.
What is an alkene?
Answer: An alkene is an unsaturated hydrocarbon containing a C=C double bond
2.
With the aid of a diagram explain how a π-bond is formed
Answer: Sideways overlap of adjacent p-orbitals above and below the plane of the bonded C atoms. *no rotation*
3.
Describe what a “double bond” is comprised of
Answer: 4 electrons in total 2 in the sigma bond 2 in the pi bond
4.
What are stereoisomers?
Answer: Molecules with the same structural formula but a different arrangement of atoms in space
5.
Outline requirements for E/Z isomerism
Answer: C=C double bond (no rotation) Two different groups attached to each atom of the C=C double bond
6.
How are E/Z isomers assigned?
Answer: Priority assigned based on atomic number of the atoms attached to the carbons
7.
What is cis/trans isomerism?
Answer: A special case of E/Z in which two of the substituent groups attached to each C atom of the C=C bond are the same
8.
Explain the high reactivity of alkenes
Answer: The π-bond has a relatively low bond enthalpy (in comparison to a σ-bond) High electron density in a double bond can induce dipoles on neighbouring molecules
9.
What is the most common reaction type that alkenes undergo
Answer: Electrophilic addition
10.
Outline the reagents and conditions for hydrogenation of an alkene Alkene + Hydrogen
Answer: Nickel cat./150 C -> Alkane
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