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Apush Cram Detailed Questions and Expert Answers
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Apush Cram Detailed Questions and ExpertAnswers
Separatist vs. non Separatist Puritans - ANS Radical Calvinists against the Church of
England; Separatists (Pilgrims) argued for a break from the Church of England, led
the Mayflower, and established the settlement at Plymouth
Northwest Passage - ANS believed to provide shortcut from Atlantic to Pacific,
searched for by Giovanni de Verrazano for Francis I in the race to Asian wealth
Conversion Experience - ANS required of members of the Puritan Church; took the
place of baptism required by the Catholic Church
Social Reciprocity - ANS society naturally punishes criminal sin discriminately
Church of England - ANS Protestant church led by the king of England,
independent of Catholic Church; tended toward Catholicism during reign of
Catholic royalty
Atlantic slave trade - ANS often debtors sold to slave traders by African kings
seeking riches; Columbian Exchange
Jamestown - ANS first permanent English settlement in the Americas (1607), along
James River
,John Smith - ANS introduced work ethic to Jamestown colony, sanitation, diplomat
to local Native American tribes; had fought Spanish and Turks
Pocahontas - ANS key to English-Native American relationship, died in England in
1617
Mayflower Compact - ANS foundation for self-government laid out by the first
Massachusetts settlers before arriving on land
John Winthrop - ANS Calvinist, devised concept of "city on a hill" ("A Model of
Christian Charity"); founded highly successful towns in Massachusetts Bay
"City on a Hill" - ANS exemplary Christian community, rich to show charity, held to
Calvinistic beliefs
Indentured servants - ANS settlers to pay the expenses of a servant's voyage and
be granted land for each person they brought over; head right system
Maryland Act of Religious Toleration (1649) - ANS mandated the toleration of all
Christian denominations in Maryland, even though Maryland was founded for
Catholics (but majority was protestant)
James I, Charles I - ANS reluctant to give colonists their own government,
preferred to appoint royal governors
,William Penn and the Quakers - ANS settled in Pennsylvania, believed the "Inner
Light" could speak through any person and ran religious services without ministers
Roger Williams - ANS challenged New Englanders to completely separate Church
from State, as the State would corrupt the church
Anne Hutchinson - ANS challenged New England Calvinist ministers' authority, as
they taught the good works for salvation of Catholicism
The Half-Way Covenant - ANS New Englanders who did not wish to relate their
conversion experiences could become half-way saints so that their children would
be able to have the opportunity to be saints
Bacon's Rebellion - ANS rebels felt the governor of Virginia failed to protect the
frontier from the Native Americans
Navigation Acts - ANS only English and American ships allowed to colonial ports;
dissent began in 1763
Mercantilism - ANS ensured trade with mother country, nationalism; too
restrictive on colonial economy, not voted on by colonists
Charles II, James II - ANS tried to rule as absolute monarchs without using
Parliament, little to no sympathy for colonial legislatures
, William and Mary - ANS ended the Dominion of New England, gave power back to
colonies
Dominion of New England - ANS combined Massachusetts, New Hampshire,
Connecticut, Rhode Island, and Plymouth (and later Jersey and New York) into one
"super colony" governed by Sir Edmond Andros, a "super governor"
The Glorious Revolution - ANS William and Mary kicked James II out of England
(exiled into France), allowed more power to the legislatures
James Oglethorpe - ANS established colony of Georgia as a place for honest
debtors
The Enlightenment - ANS emphasis on human reason, logic, and science (acquired,
not nascent, knowledge); increased followers of Christianity
Benjamin Franklin - ANS connected the colonies to Britain, opposed to
unnecessary unfair taxation; strong influence on Albany Plan
The Great Awakening - ANS began by Edwards to return to Puritanism, increased
overall religious involvement, gave women more active roles in religion, more and
more ministers sprouted up throughout the country; mainly affected towns and
cities
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