EPPP Social and Cultural Bases of Behavior Graded A+
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Module
EPPP Social and Cultural Bases of Behavior Graded
Institution
EPPP Social And Cultural Bases Of Behavior Graded
EPPP Social and Cultural Bases of Behavior Graded A+
Schemas and Models - Schemas: Organized patterns of thought and behavior that influence attention, perception, and
absorption of new information; serve as templates for understanding experiences. - Prototypical Model: A model that represents ...
EPPP Social and Cultural Bases of Behavior Graded A+
Schemas and Models
- Schemas: Organized patterns of thought and behavior that influence attention, perception, and
absorption of new information; serve as templates for understanding experiences.
- Prototypical Model: A model that represents a category through an ideal or "prototype" example.
- Exemplar Model: A model that categorizes based on specific and concrete examples, often
representing extreme cases within the category.
Attribution Theories
- Dispositional Attribution: Attributing behavior to personal characteristics or traits.
- Situational Attribution: Attributing behavior to elements of the situation or context.
- Fundamental Attribution Error: The tendency to overestimate dispositional factors and underestimate
situational factors when explaining others' behaviors.
- Correspondent Inference Theory: The process of inferring the causes of others' behavior based on their
actions.
- Covariation Model of Attribution: A logical approach to attribution that identifies similarities across
situations to make causal inferences.
- Consensus Information: How others behave in similar situations.
- Distinctiveness Information: How individuals behave differently across different situations.
- Consistency Information: How frequently individuals respond in the same way to the same stimuli.
Achievement and Control
- Achievement Attribution: Individuals' assessment of their likelihood of achieving goals based on their
emotional responses to situations.
- Locus of Control: The extent to which individuals perceive themselves as having control over events
affecting them.
Biases
- Bias: Unfair prejudice either in favor of or against something.
, - Actor-Observer Effect: The tendency to attribute one's own actions to situational factors while
attributing others' actions to dispositional factors.
- Self-Serving Bias: Attributing personal successes to dispositional factors and failures to situational
factors.
- Cultural Bias: The influence of one's culture on the types of biases they exhibit.
Social Relationships
- Affiliation: The desire to form social relationships and be with others.
- Attraction: A form of affiliation characterized by positive feelings towards another person.
Aggression and Altruism
- Aggression: Behaviors aimed at harming or injuring another individual.
- Deindividuation: The tendency for individuals to act aggressively when they believe their actions are
anonymous.
- Altruism: The motivation to enhance the welfare of another individual without expectation of reward.
- Egoism: Altruistic behaviors aimed at benefiting oneself.
- Collectivism: Altruism focused on benefiting the group.
- Principlism: Acting to uphold a moral principle.
Social Influence
- Social Influence: The impact of others on an individual's attitudes, thoughts, feelings, or behaviors.
- Compliance: Changing behavior in response to a request for a reward or to avoid punishment.
- Identification: Behavior change to achieve acceptance or identify with another individual.
- Internalization: Acceptance of beliefs or behaviors that are expressed both publicly and privately.
- Conformity: Altering beliefs or behaviors to align with a group or meet expectations.
- Informational Conformity: Accepting information from others as evidence in uncertain situations.
- Normative Conformity: Conforming to positive expectations set by others.
- Peer Pressure: Direct influence exerted by peers.
- Reactance: A response that involves acting contrary to desired outcomes when choices are perceived
as limited.
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