ADJ 107 Exam 3 Notes with Complete
Solutions
Life course developmental theorists believe children create relationships, which travel through
adulthood, as young as? - ANSWER - 2
Life course developmental theorists examine a variety of social, personal, and environmental
issues related to criminality. These issues are? - ANSWER - -Family dysfunction
-Unemployment
-Educational underachievement
-Substance abuse
-Poverty
-Socialization
What is a cluster of problematic behaviors habitually involving the family and poor decisions or
actions by an individual? - ANSWER - Problem behavior syndrome
Life course developmental theories incorporate what, into complex explanations of behavior? -
ANSWER - -Social
-Personal
-Developmental factors
What is one of the most influential life course developmental theories? - ANSWER - Age-Graded
theory
The Age-Graded theory was developed in 1993 by who? - ANSWER - Robert Sampson and
John Laub
What are the two most important turning points in the Age-Graded theory that Robert Sampson
and John Lamb found? - ANSWER - Marriage and a Career
, What is the most common form of domestic violence in America? - ANSWER - Sibling violence
What refers to premeditation, or the state of mind and individual was in during the crime. In this
case the individual thought ahead, planned and voluntarily caused the death of another? -
ANSWER - Malice aforethought
What percentage of males are victims of homicide? - ANSWER - 78%
According to the Age-Graded theory a long-term pattern in life is called? - ANSWER -
Trajectories
According to the Age-Graded theory short-term events embedded in trajectories are? -
ANSWER - Transitions
Robert Sampson and John Laub viewed the development of what, as a fundamental
determinant against criminal behavior? - ANSWER - Social capital
What supports the conventional norms of society, which includes following the law? - ANSWER
- Social capital
What is a significant critique that the Age-Graded theory has? - ANSWER - It's used Gluecks' 40
year old research. Which dates back to the 1920s and 1930s, where kids didn't grow up with
violent movies, television, or video games. Marriage was the norm at the time, but today
individuals are marrying at lower numbers and later in life.
Which theory assumes human development is controlled by a stable "master trait", present at
birth or soon after birth? - ANSWER - Latent Trait theory
Scientists James Q. Wilson and Richard Herrnstien published a book, which argued personal
traits such as genetic make up, intelligence, and body build can offset social variables as
predictors of criminal behavior. What is the Name and Year of this book? - ANSWER - Crime
and Human Nature, 1985
What theory explained low self control, to be the strongest predictor of your career criminality? -
ANSWER - General theory of crime
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