COMD 5070 Exam 1/98 Q’s and A’s/A+ Rated!
empirical, deterministic, predictive, parsimonious - -the scientific method is
_______, ________, ________, and ________
-empirical - -science is ________: based on data- we collect data and then
interpret it; we have to make sense of the behavior that we're trying to
understand
-deterministic - -science is __________: things obey physical laws; not
random in terms of cause and effect, and can draw generalizations from data
that we can extend on to other situations we have not yet experienced
-predictive - -science is ________: if a given phenomenon occurs, it can
influence another one; represents cause and effect relationships
-parsimonious - -science is _________: uses the simplest explanation versus
making it unnecessarily convoluted
-listener bias, severity objectively, progress over time, EBP, biofeedback - -
why do SLPs use technology?
-overcome _________ _______
-describe ________ _________
-track ________ _______ _______
-ASHA's focus on ___________
-provide ___________ to the client
-acoustics - -____________ can help by telling us how the larynx is operating
or how articulators are moving; measures speech production through
microphone readings
-kinematics - -______ is the study of speech movements
-aerodynamics - -__________ describes the pressures and flows and
resistances involved in regulating our breath stream as we speak
-electromyography - -__________ is the measure of electrical activity in
muscles as they are activated
-speech perception - -________ __________ is how the brain interprets sounds
-complex tone - -a _________ ________ involves multiple sine waves together,
blended, with the fundamental frequency as the lowest frequency
component
, -pitch - -_________ is the subjective perception of frequency
-it cannot be measured with instruments
-listener matches perceived pitch to that of a pure tone of known frequency
-difference limen, more, larger - -the frequency _______ ___________ is the
smallest detectable change in frequency that is detectable by a listener
-higher frequency sounds must differ ________ to be heard as different in
pitch
-true for comfortable listening level
-as intensity decreases, DLs become ____________
-fundamental frequency - -the _________ __________ tends to be the loudest
sounding in a complex series of sounds (e.g. harmonics)
-harmonics - -__________ are periodic, integer multiples of the fundamental
frequency
-residue pitch - -another name for the missing fundamental phenomenon is
__________ __________
-timbre/quality, pitch, harmonic structure, calculation, simulated bass - -
missing fundamental:
-_______/________ is different
-_________ is still perceived as the same
-brain processes the ________ ________, by filling in the gaps through
__________
-cheap audio equipment takes advantage of this phenomenon with a ________
________
-octave, 800, 200 - -an _________ is the doubling or halving of a frequency
e.g. if you have a 400 Hz base and you went up an octave, you would reach
_______ Hz, and if you went down an octave you would reach _______ Hz
-12, nonlinear, bigger - -there are _______ semitones in 1 octave
-each semitone is a _________ step- each step upward is _______ than the last
(about 5.9%)
-no semitones are physically identical in Hz, but they SOUND equal in step
size, because our human perception of sound is nonlinear
-intensity, IL, SPL - -___________ is the amplitude or 'size' of a sound
-measured in dB
-based on a logarithmic scale
-the levels are measured in _____ and _____
-loudness - -_______ is a perceptual characteristic of intensity
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