Exam (elaborations)
COMD 5070 exam 1/83 Answered Questions
- Institution
- COMD 5070 Exam 1/83 Answered Questions
COMD 5070 exam 1/83 Answered Questions
[Show more]
Content preview
COMD 5070 exam 1/83 AnsweredQuestions
4 features of the scientific method - -1) Science is empirical- we collect data
and interpret it (based on data)
2) Science is Deterministic - Things are not random. Because of cause and
effect, we can draw generalizations from the data that we have and
extrapolate
3) Science is predictive - if you do this, then that will happen.
4) Science is parsimonious - use the simplest explanation possible, try to
describe things in economical terms so we can understand it. Use the
simplest terms possible, but no simpler.
-Why do SLPs use technology - -1) Overcome listener bias - computer isn't
influenced by what it has heard before. It is a consistent, reliable measure.
2) Describe severity objectively - standardizes measures of speech
3) Track progress over time - helps demonstrate treatment efficacy
4) Helps to comply with ASHA's focus on EBP - provides hard data to
measure rather than just gut feelings about progress based on experience.
5) Biofeedback- computer display in real time - ex: visipitch shows
intonations on screen in real time, shows them progress as they speak,
better than playing back a recording.
-How can acoustics help? - -acoustics can tell us a lot about what is going
on that can't be seen. Acoustics is a way of using quantitative measures to to
describe a physical phenomenon, rather than relying on our human
impressions
-Frequency - -how frequently a waveform repeats. Measured in Hz (cycles
per second). Within the same window length, a higher frequency sound wave
will show more repetitions than a lower frequency sound wave
-simplest sound - -pure tone (sine wave)
-Pitch - -the subjective measure of frequency; you cannot measure pitch
with an instrument. You can have people match pitch perception to
frequencies.
-Intensity - -amplitude or size of a sound.Adjusting volume, is adjusting the
physical intensity of sound.
-Why use a logarithmic scale for intensity? - -This is necessary because the
highest amplitude sound we can perceive is 1 trillion times the softest sound
we can perceive (120 dB).
, -Loudness - -Perceptual characteristic of sound. Listener can judge
loudness, there is no equipment that can measure loudness. Human reaction
to the amplitude of a sound. Can be measured with a psycho-physical scale.
-Greatest sensitivity to loudness is between - -1,000 - 5,000 Hz, threshold is
much higher at very low or very high frequencies
-Why do audiometers use HL and not SPL? - -to compensate for known
differences in human hearing sensitivity.
-Equal loudness contours - -Created by presenting a known frequency
(1,000 Hz) and then other tones are played and the listener has to adjust the
loudness until it sounds the same as the 1,000 Hz tone
-In order to perceive low amplitude sounds at low frequency as the same
loudness as higher frequency sounds.... - -have to be adjusted up a lot for
them to be perceived as the same loudness as the original sound
-at high intensity, - -the sounds seem to be equal in loudness to intensity.
-general rule is that a 6-10 dB increase - -is generally perceived as double
as loud
-Frequency Difference limen - -smallest change in frequency that is
detectable by a listener. As frequency increases, the DL becomes much
greater
-Intensity Difference limen - -as intensity decreases, Dls become larger
-How does duration influence perception of loudness? - -The longer the
sound, the more audible it becomes. The more sound energy ( intensity or
frequency, the more audible it becomes) Kind of like baking a cake; increase
the temp, decrease the time to a certain point.
-When a fundamental is deleted: - -the brain compensates because in a
harmonic series, the frequencies are separated at even intervals and your
brain can fill in the missing portion. There is a qualitative difference but most
people perceive the notes as being the same as with the fundamental
frequency by filling in the missing fundamental.
-how many semitones in one octave - -12. each semitone is a non-linear
step in terms of # of Hz from one semitone to the next. However, they all
sound equal to us.
The benefits of buying summaries with Stuvia:
Guaranteed quality through customer reviews
Stuvia customers have reviewed more than 700,000 summaries. This how you know that you are buying the best documents.
Quick and easy check-out
You can quickly pay through credit card for the summaries. There is no membership needed.
Focus on what matters
Your fellow students write the study notes themselves, which is why the documents are always reliable and up-to-date. This ensures you quickly get to the core!
Frequently asked questions
What do I get when I buy this document?
You get a PDF, available immediately after your purchase. The purchased document is accessible anytime, anywhere and indefinitely through your profile.
Satisfaction guarantee: how does it work?
Our satisfaction guarantee ensures that you always find a study document that suits you well. You fill out a form, and our customer service team takes care of the rest.
Who am I buying these notes from?
Stuvia is a marketplace, so you are not buying this document from us, but from seller Victorious23. Stuvia facilitates payment to the seller.
Will I be stuck with a subscription?
No, you only buy these notes for £8.49. You're not tied to anything after your purchase.
Can Stuvia be trusted?
4.6 stars on Google & Trustpilot (+1000 reviews)
62890 documents were sold in the last 30 days
Founded in 2010, the go-to place to buy revision notes and other study material for 14 years now