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OCEMT Medical Unit Exam Study Guide 2024 QUESTIONS WITH COMPLETE ANSWERS_.pdf
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OCEMT Medical Unit Exam Study Guide 2024 QUESTIONS WITH COMPLETE ANSWERS_.pdf
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8/17/24, 7:36 AMOCEMT Medical Unit Exam Study Guide
Jeremiah
Terms in this set (38)
How should we focus out assessment with Evaluate airway, breathing, Circulation (if no pulse begin cpr)
with an unresponsive patient?
While approaching any medical/trauma Ensure the safety of yourself and your partner: Scene safety
patient your first consideration should be
what?
What's the best way to manage a patient Move, patient to cool environment, and place cold packs under armpits, groin, and
dealing with heat exposure or heat related behind legs.
emergency? Esp if the patients is
unresponsive
Hemorrhagic stroke: Blood vessel swells and ruptures
Understand the signs/symptoms of stroke.
severe headache, seizures, and altered mental status
Both a Hemorrhagic (CVA) and an ischemic
(TIA). These are 2 very different etiologies
Ischemic stroke: occurs when blood flow through the cerebral arteries is blocked
yet we put them both as stroke. That's Ok,
loss of movement on the side of the body opposite the side where the occlusion has
but be able to differentiate the 2.
occurred, Sudden confusion, trouble speaking or understanding.
AURA: can include visual changes (flashing lights or blind spots in the field of vision) or
hallucinations (seeing, hearing, or smelling things that are not actually present)
TONIC CLONIC: Causes muscles to twitch/jerk, patient seems to stare and not to
respond to anyone
Understand the etiology and sequence
CLONIC: lasts 1-3 min and we see muscle spasms in face neck and arms
during a seizure. IE aura, tonic vs clonic etc.
TONIC: usually lasting only seconds, in which there is a period of extreme muscular
rigidity (tense up)
ATONIC: Atonic less than 15 seconds lasting , muscles suddenly go limp and the head
may lean forward or fall completely
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, 8/17/24, 7:36 AM
Let them seize! (in a cleared space or area)
How to address an actively seizing patient Make sure you move any objects or hazardous material near them so they don't injure
upon arrival? themselves
Do not attempt to restrain the patient, this could cause injury
Fainting/loss of consciousness
Know what a Syncopal episode is and how it
Loss of blood flow to the brain
may present
Low blood pressure, irregular heart beat
Photophobia and what patients may exhibit fear of light/sensitivity to light.
these symptoms Common in patients with migraines
"cool and clammy, give them candy" patients will present with: pale, cool, moist skin,
Signs and symptoms of hypoglycemia and absence of thirst, normal to shallow breathing, low BP, rapid/weak pulse, Altered LOC,
how we treat these patients as EMTs confusion, seizure, or coma. Treat patient with administering Glucose. Patient will
rapidly improve.
"hot and dry, sugar high" patients will present with: warm and dry skin, intense thirst,
Signs and symptoms of hyperglycemia (high
nausea, rapid/deep breathing, rapid/thready pulse, agitation/altered loc, slurred
blood glucose level) and how we treat these
speech, blurred vison. Treat with gradual insulin within 6-12hrs. (hyperglycemia can
patients as EMTs
result in DKA which is a life threat. Signs of DKA is a altered LOC, and unconscious)
INDICATED: patient is diabetic, and experiencing an altered mental status, patient is
When is it indicated and contraindicated to "low" glucometer reading below 80
administer oral glucose replacement?
CONTRAINDICATED: Patient is unconscious
Signs and symptoms of gastrointestinal Upper Gi bleeds we will see: vomiting of fresh blood vomiting of coffee ground emesis
bleeding. Upper and lower GI bleeds may or black tarry stools,
present with distinct visual clues that will
help you differentiate between upper and Lower Gi bleeds will present with blood in the stool.
lower bleeds.
Sudden pain that begins on the right side of the lower abdomen and radiates down
your leg
Sudden pain that begins around your navel and often shifts to your lower right
abdomen
Pain that worsens if you cough, walk or make other jarring movements.
Signs and symptoms of appendicitis Nausea and vomiting, loss of appetite
Low-grade fever that may worsen as the illness progresses,
constipation or diarrhea,
abdominal bloating,
flatulence, rebound tenderness.
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