MCBM Enzymes Lecture with Complete SolutionsMCBM Enzymes Lecture with Complete SolutionsMCBM Enzymes Lecture with Complete SolutionsMCBM Enzymes Lecture with Complete SolutionsMCBM Enzymes Lecture with Complete SolutionsWhat is an enzymes role in a biological sense? - ANSWER - To act as a molecular...
MCBM Enzymes Lecture with Complete
Solutions
What is an enzymes role in a biological sense? - ANSWER - To act as a molecular catalyst
What class of molecule are MOST enzymes? - ANSWER - Proteins
Are enzymes affected by the reactions they catalyze? - ANSWER - No!
Where do substrates bind on enzymes? - ANSWER - The active site
Can any enzyme bind to any substrate? - ANSWER - No! Enzymes are highly specific and will
not take just any substrate
What are cofactors and why are they important? - ANSWER - Cofactors are additional
molecules that are required for catalysis of a reaction to occur
What are some examples of cofactors? - ANSWER - Metal ions or vitamin derivatives
How do enzymes affect the energy of activation of a reaction? - ANSWER - Enzymes lower the
energy of activation of reactions
How do enzymes affect the equilibrium or deltaG of a reaction? - ANSWER - They don't!
What is a holoenzyme? - ANSWER - A complete, catalytically active enzyme
What is an apoenzyme? - ANSWER - The protein part of a holoenzyme
What is pellagra? - ANSWER - Disease caused by a lack of niacin (Vitamin B3)
, What happens to a person biologically when they are afflicted with pellagra? - ANSWER - Lack
of vitamin B3 = decreased nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD) and its phosphorylated
form (NADP), which are important cofactors for a variety of body processes
Explain the 3 basic steps of enzyme-catalyzed reactions? - ANSWER - 1. Enzyme binds the
substrate.
2. Enzyme acts catalytically upon the substrate and produces the product
3. The product is released, leaving behind an available enzyme
Describe catalysis by bond strain - ANSWER - By straining the substrates natural bonds, the
transition state is more easily achieved
Describe catalysis by proximity and orientation - ANSWER - Reactive groups are brought in
close proximity to one another to induce the transition state
Describe catalysis with acids an bases - ANSWER - Acid-base catalysis. The acids and bases
are used to help stabilize charges produced during biochemical reactions and prevents them
from reverting back to the reactants
What is activation energy? - ANSWER - The change in free energy required to convert a
molecule into its transition state of a reaction.
How does activation energy influence the rate of a reaction at any given temperature? -
ANSWER - A higher activation energy will result in a slower reaction rate. A lower activation
energy will result in a faster reaction rate
What do enzymes do in terms of activation energy? - ANSWER - Enzymes lower activation
energy
What is binding energy? - ANSWER - The sum of the energies released during substrate-active
site interaction
Describe the active site on an enzyme - ANSWER - Usually a cleft or crevice on a larger 3D
protein structure
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