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Essential Cell Biology 5th Edition by Alberts

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Essential Cell Biology 5th Edition by Alberts

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  • August 18, 2024
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Test Bank for Essential Cell Biology 5th Edition by Alberts |
9780393680379 | Chapter 1-20 |All Chapters with Answers
and Rationals
Central Dogma - ANSWER: Genetic information flows from DNA to RNA to protein.

What base is not present in RNA? - ANSWER: T

In RNA what base pairs with a base A? - ANSWER: U

An RNA molecule can fold into complex 3D shapes because - ANSWER: it is single stranded.

All of the RNA in a cell is made by what process? - ANSWER: Transcription

What determines the nucleotide sequence of an RNA strand? - ANSWER: Complementary base pairing
with the DNA template during transcription.

RNA polymerases join nucleotides together through what kind of bond? - ANSWER: Phosphodiester

An RNA chain elongates in what direction? - ANSWER: 5' to 3'

What energy drives the transcription reaction forward? - ANSWER: The hydrolysis of high-energy
bonds of ribonucleoside triphosphates elongation

RNA polymerases can start an RNA chain without a primer. - ANSWER: TRUEEEE

Compared to the error rate of DNA polymerase (1 in 10^7 nucleotides), the error rate of RNA
polymerases is - ANSWER: much greater because there is less need for perfection.

Some genes do not encode proteins, but instead encode functional RNA. - ANSWER: TRUE

To begin transcription, RNA polymerase recognizes nucleotide sequences in what region of the DNA? -
ANSWER: Promoter region

At which site on the DNA of a gene does RNA polymerase release its newly made RNA? - ANSWER:
Terminator

What is the name of the subunit of bacterial RNA polymease that recognizes the promoter of a gene?
- ANSWER: Sigma Factor

In eukaryotes, what must assemble at a promoter before RNA polymerase can transcribe a gene? -
ANSWER: General transcription factors

The assembly of general transcription factors to a eukaryotic promoter beings at what site in a
promoter? - ANSWER: TATA Box

Bacterial mRNAs - ANSWER: are transcribed and translated simultaneously.

Eukaryotic mRNAs - ANSWER: are translated after they are exported from the nucleus.

What increases the stability of eukaryotic mRNAs? - ANSWER: 5'-end cap
poly-A tail

In bacteria, most protein-coding genes lack introns. - ANSWER: TRUEEE

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