Agrarian Philosophy (1800s) Based on agricultural way of life; Thomas Jefferson and John Hector St. John.
Laissez Faire Philosphy (1800s) Advocated for a free market economy; Adam Smith.
(late 1800s to 1900s) Examples included New York State Tenement House Act of 1901,
Public Health Movement
which banned the construction of dark, poorly ventilated buildings in New York State.
(1890s) Self-contained communities surrounded by "greenbelts", containing
Garden City Movement
proportionate areas of residences, industry and agriculture; Ebenezer Howard.
(1893) Prioritized how things looked over how they functioned. Key events included the
City Beautiful Movement
1893 Columbian World's Exposition and the 1909 Plan of Chicago; Daniel Burnham.
(1920s) a.k.a. City Practical Movement, advocates prioritized efficiency and economy
City Efficient
over beauty. Led to the Standard State Zoning Enabling Act.
(1923) Depicts urban land use in concentric rings: (1) CBD, (2) factory zone, (3)
Concentric Zone Model transition zone, (4) working class zone, (5) residential zone, (6) commuter zone; Ernest
Burgess.
(1939) Zones expand outward from the city center along railroads, highways, and other
Sector Model
transportation arteries; Homer Hoyt.
(late 1930s to 1940s) Built after World War II, purposefully planned, developed and built
New Towns
as a remedy to overcrowding and congestion.
(1940s) Focused on "scientific" city management, including consideration for waste
City Functional Movement removal, zoning, and altering spaces for convenience/efficiency; Frederick Law
Olmsted Jr.
(1980s) Promotes walkable neighborhoods containing a range of housing and job
New Urbanism
types; Andres Duany.
(1991) Concentration of business, shopping, and entertainment district outside of a
Edge City
central business district; Joel Garreau.
Smart Growth (1990s) Concentrates growth in compact walkable urban centers to avoid sprawl.
1/1
The benefits of buying summaries with Stuvia:
Guaranteed quality through customer reviews
Stuvia customers have reviewed more than 700,000 summaries. This how you know that you are buying the best documents.
Quick and easy check-out
You can quickly pay through credit card for the summaries. There is no membership needed.
Focus on what matters
Your fellow students write the study notes themselves, which is why the documents are always reliable and up-to-date. This ensures you quickly get to the core!
Frequently asked questions
What do I get when I buy this document?
You get a PDF, available immediately after your purchase. The purchased document is accessible anytime, anywhere and indefinitely through your profile.
Satisfaction guarantee: how does it work?
Our satisfaction guarantee ensures that you always find a study document that suits you well. You fill out a form, and our customer service team takes care of the rest.
Who am I buying these notes from?
Stuvia is a marketplace, so you are not buying this document from us, but from seller Denyss. Stuvia facilitates payment to the seller.
Will I be stuck with a subscription?
No, you only buy these notes for £6.57. You're not tied to anything after your purchase.