PEDS: DEVELOPMENTAL MILESTONES GOOGLE DOC (CHAPTERS 25-
29) FOR 2024/2025 COMPLETE SOLUTION 100% VERIFIED ANSWERS
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What are the primary psychosocial developmental theories for the following age group: Preschool-aged
(3-6)?
Establishing a sense of initiative vs. guilt
What is establishing a sense of initiative vs. guilt?
Preschoolers feel a sense of accomplishment when succeeding in activities and feeling pride in one's
accomplishment helps the child to use initiative. However, when the child extends himself or herself
further than current capabilities allow, he or she may feel a sense of guilt.
Describe the defining gross motor skills that develop in the following age group: Preschool-aged (3-6)
The preschooler has more voluntary control over movements. They are agile while standing, walking,
running, and jumping. They can go up and down stairs and walk forward and backward easily.
Describe the defining fine motor skills that develop in the following age group: Preschool-aged (3-6)
They can move each finger independently and are capable of grasping objects in an adult fashion
Describe the defining sensory changes that develop in the following age group: Preschool-aged (3-6)
, Hearing is intact at birth and should remain so throughout the preschool years. Visual acuity continues
to progress and should be equal bilaterally. The typical 5-year-old has visual acuity of 20/40 or 20/30.
Color vision is intact at this age.
Describe the defining communication and language skills that develop in the following age group:
Preschool-aged (3-6)
They start using sentences
however, still don't understand complex concepts (i.e., death)
Describe the defining physical growth changes that occur in the following age group: Toddler (1-3)
Head size becomes more proportional to the rest of the body near the age of 3 years
What are the primary cognitive developmental theories for the following age group: Toddler (1-3)?
- Autonomy vs Shame/doubt
- Sensorimotor & preoperational
- Anal stage
Describe Erickson's theory of autonomy vs shame/doubt
It is a time of exerting independence. Since the toddler developed a sense of trust in infancy, he or she is
ready to give up dependence and to assert his or her sense of control and autonomy
Describe the sensorimotor & preoperational stages from from Piaget's cognitive theory
At the end of the sensorimotor stage, children start to use mental abstractions. At the age of two,
children enter the preoperational stage, where their ability to use mental representations, rather than
the physical appearance of objects or people, improves greatly.
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