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Hesi Fundamentals Terms Exam2024/2025 Questions With Completed & Verified Solutions.
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Hesi Fundamentals Terms Exam2024/2025 Questions With Completed & Verified Solutions.
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Hesi Fundamentals Terms1. Nightingale theory - ANS Patient's environment is arrange to facilitate the body's reparative
processes.Lady with the lamp
2. Dorothea Orem - ANS Self-Care Deficit Theory
Focuses on activities that adult individuals perform on their own behalf to maintain life, health
and well-being.
3. Malpractice - ANS Professional negligence; failure to meet a legal duty, thus causing harm to
another.
4. Negligence - ANS The commissioning (doing) of an act or the omission (not doing) of an act
that a reasonable prudent person would have preformed in a similar situation, thus causing
harm to another.
5. Abandonment of
Care - ANS Wrongful termination of providing patient care.
6. HIPAA - ANS Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA) set rules
and limits on who can look at and receive health care information.
7. Confidentiality - ANS duty to protect information about a patient
8. Invasion of privacy - ANS Person right to be left alone or anonymous if she or he chooses
9. Erickson's
Developmental
Stages - ANS 1. Infancy/0-1/Basic trust vs. Mistrust
2. Toddler/1-3/Autonomy vs. Shame and Doubt
3. Preschool/4-6/Initiative vs. Guilt
4. School Age/7-11/Industry vs. Inferiority
5. Adolescence/12-19/Identity vs. Role confusion
6. Young Adulthood/20-44/Intimacy vs. Isolation
7. Middle Adulthood/45-65/Generativity vs. Stagnation
8. Late Adulthood/65+/Ego Integrity vs. Despair
10. Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs - ANS 5: Self-Actualization
4: Self-Esteem
3: Love and Belongingness
2: Safety and Security
1: Physiologic
,11. Verbal communication techniques - ANS Closed questioning
-Focuses and seeks a particular answer
Open-ended question
-Does not require a specific response and allows the patient to elaborate freely
Restating
- Caregiver repeats to the patient what the caregiver understands to be the main point
Paraphrasing
-Restating the patient's message in the nurse's own words to verify that the nurse's
interpretation is correct Clarifying
-Restating the patient's message in a manner that asks the patient to verify that the message
received is accurate
Focusing
- Used when more specific information is needed to accurately understand the patient's
message Reflecting
-Assists the patient to "reflect" on inner feelings and thoughts
- Stating observation
-Validates the accuracy of observation
Offering information
-Nurse should make this interaction two-way
Summarizing
-Review of the main points covered in an interaction
12. Nonverbal Communication - ANS Non verbal cues such as tone, rate of voice, volume of
speech, eye contact, physical appearance, gestures, posture and use of touch.
13. Nonverbal
Communication
Techniques - ANS Listening
-Most effective methods but also most difficult
-Conveys interest and caring
- Active listening (Requires the caregivers fullattention)
-Passive listening (Caregiver attends nonverbally to what the patient is saying through eye
contact and nodding, or verbally through encouraging phrases such as "uh-huh" or "I see.")
Silence
- Requires skill and timing
- Can convey respect, understanding, caring, support; often used with touch-Gives you time to
look at nonverbal responses
Touch
-Must be used with great discretion to fit into sociocultural norms and guidelines
-Can convey warmth, caring, support, and understanding
-Nature of the touch must be sincere and genuine
-If the caregiver is hesitant or reluctant to touch, it may be interpreted as rejection
, 14. non- English communication - ANS Language Barriers. Interpreter if available; messages
must be kept simple
15. Alternative Methods of Communication - ANS Lip reading
Sign language
Paper and pencil/magic slate
Word or picture cards
Magnetic boards with plastic letters
Eye blinks
Computer-assisted communication
Clock face communicator
16. Nursing Process
A Nice Delicious PIE - ANS A= Assessment
ND = Nursing diagnosis
P= Plan
I= Interventions
E= Evaluation
17. Assessment - ANS Subjective:Verbal statements provided by the patient
Objective:Observable and measurable signs,Can be recorded
18. Head to Toe Assessment - ANS Begin with neurological assessment, the skin, hair, head,
neck, eyes, nose and mouth. The chest, back, arms, and, perineal area, legs and feet in that
order.
19. Physical Assessment
Techniques - ANS Inspection
Palpation
Auscultation
Percussion
20. Adventitious - ANS Abnormal breath sounds
21. Normal Lung Sounds - ANS Just hear air moving
22. Crackles or Rales - ANS Produced by fluid in bronchioles and alveoli heard on inspiration
23. Wheezes - ANS Musical quality sounds and are produced by air flowing through narrowed
airways
24. Fine Crackles - ANS High pitched, discrete, discontinuous crackling sounds heard during
the end inspiration; not cleared by cough
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