Criminal Justice: A Brief Introduction --
Chapter 5
Bill of Rights - correct answer ✔✔The popular name given to the first ten amendments to the US
Constitution, which are considered especially important in the processing of criminal defendants.
Landmark case - correct answer ✔✔A precedent - setting court decision that produces substantial
changes in both the understanding of the requirements of due process and in the practical day - to - day
operations of the justice system.
Warrant - correct answer ✔✔In criminal proceedings, a writ issued by a judicial officer directing a law
enforcement officer to perform a specified act and affording the officer protection from damages if he or
she performs it.
Illegally seized evidence - correct answer ✔✔Any evidence seized without regard to the principals of due
process as described by the Bill of Rights. Most illegally seized evidence is the result of police searches
conducted without a proper warrant of of improperly conducted interrogations.
Exclusionary rule - correct answer ✔✔The understanding, based on U.S. Supreme Court precedent, that
incriminating information must be seized according to constitutional specifications of due process or it
will not be allowed as evidence in a criminal trial.
Writ of certiorari - correct answer ✔✔A writ issued from an appetite court for the purpose of obtaining
from a lower court the purpose of obtaining from a lower court the purpose of obtaining from a lower
court the record of its proceedings in a particular case. In some states, this writ is the mechanism for
discretionary review. A request for review is made by petitioning for a writ of certorari, and the grating of
review is indicated by the writ.
Fruit of the poisonous tree doctrine - correct answer ✔✔A legal principle that excludes from
introduction at the trail any evidence later developed as a result of seizure.
good-faith exception - correct answer ✔✔An exception to the exclusionary rule. Law enforcement
officers who conduct a search or who seize evidence on the basis of good faith that is, when they believe
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