PSCI 210 Midterm 2 Questions with Correct Answers
Equal protection of the laws - Answer-The landmark phrase in the Fourteenth Amendment that requires equal treatment for all citizens.
Reconstruction - Answer-The failed effort, pursued by Northerners and Southerners, to rebuild the South and est...
PSCI 210 Midterm 2 Questions
with Correct Answers
Equal protection of the laws - Answer-The landmark phrase in the Fourteenth
Amendment that requires equal treatment for all citizens.
Reconstruction - Answer-The failed effort, pursued by Northerners and Southerners, to
rebuild the South and establish racial equality after the Civil War.
literacy test - Answer-A requirement that voters be literate; in reality, a way to restrict
black suffrage
Jim Crow - Answer-System of racial segregation in the American South from the end of
Reconstruction until the mid-twentieth century. Based on the concept of "separate but
equal" facilities for blacks and whites, the Jim Crow system sought to prevent racial
mixing in public, including restaurants, movie theaters, and public transportation. An
informal system, it was generally perpetuated by custom, violence, and intimidation.
Plessy v. Ferguson - Answer-a 1896 Supreme Court decision which legalized state
ordered segregation so long as the facilities for blacks and whites were equal
Great Mirgration - Answer-movement of African Americans out of Southern United
States and into the Northern part.
de jure segregation - Answer-discrimination by law
de facto segregation - Answer-segregation by unwritten custom or tradition
NCAAP - Answer-a civil rights organization formed in 1909 and dedicated to racial
equality
Brown v. Board of Education - Answer-1954 - The Supreme Court overruled Plessy v.
Ferguson, declared that racially segregated facilities are inherently unequal and ordered
all public schools desegregated.
Freedom Riders - Answer-black and white activists who rode buses together to protest
segregation on interstate bus lines
free rider problem - Answer-A barrier to group or collective action arising because
people who do not participate still reap the benefits
, 1963 March on Washington - Answer-A massive rally for civil rights highlighted by
Martin Luther King's "I Have a Dream" speech.
Civil Rights Act of 1964 - Answer-Landmark legislation that forbade discrimination on
the basis of race, sex, religion, or national origin
Black Power - Answer-A slogan that emphasized pride in black heritage and the
construction of black institutions to nurture black interests. It often implied racial
separation in reaction to white racism.
Affirmative Action - Answer-direct steps to recruit members of previously
underrepresented groups into schools and jobs
School busing - Answer-An effort to integrate public schools by mixing students from
different neighborhoods
Senca Falls Convention - Answer-the first convention dedicated to women's rights, held
in July 1848
Equal Employment Opportunity Commission (EEOC) - Answer-Federal law enforcement
agency charged with monitoring compliance to the Civil Rights Act
National Organization for Women (NOW) - Answer-an organization formed in 1966 to
take action for women's equality
Incorporation Revolution - Answer-The accelerated process by which the Supreme
Court declares that a right also applies to state governments.
Civil Rights - Answer-The freedom to participate in the full life of the community - to
vote, use public facilities, and exercise equal economic opportunity
selective incorporation - Answer-The process by which provisions of the Bill of Rights
are brought within the scope of the Fourteenth Amendment and so applied to state and
local governments.
Griswold v. Connecticut - Answer-Married couple wanted to get contraceptives; struck
down a Connecticut law prohibiting the sale of contraceptives; established the right of
privacy through the 4th and 9th amendment
Roe v. Wade - Answer-The 1973 Supreme Court decision holding that a state ban on all
abortions was unconstitutional. The decision forbade state control over abortions during
the first trimester of pregnancy, permitted states to limit abortions to protect the mother's
health in the second trimester, and permitted states to protect the fetus during the third
trimester.
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