MCAT Biology Practice Questions and Answers | Latest Version | 2024/2025 | Graded A+
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Module
MCAT Biology Practice
Institution
MCAT Biology Practice
MCAT Biology Practice Questions and
Answers | Latest Version | 2024/2025 |
Graded A+
What is the primary function of ribosomes in a cell?
Ribosomes are responsible for protein synthesis by translating mRNA into polypeptide
chains.
What is the role of mitochondria in eukaryotic cells?
...
MCAT Biology Practice Questions and
Answers | Latest Version | 2024/2025 |
Graded A+
What is the primary function of ribosomes in a cell?
✔✔Ribosomes are responsible for protein synthesis by translating mRNA into polypeptide
chains.
What is the role of mitochondria in eukaryotic cells?
✔✔Mitochondria generate ATP through oxidative phosphorylation, providing energy for cellular
processes.
What is the difference between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells in terms of nucleus presence?
✔✔Prokaryotic cells lack a membrane-bound nucleus, while eukaryotic cells have a membrane-
bound nucleus.
1
,What are the main stages of the cell cycle?
✔✔The main stages of the cell cycle are G1 (growth), S (synthesis), G2 (preparation for
mitosis), and M (mitosis).
What is the function of lysosomes in a cell?
✔✔Lysosomes contain digestive enzymes that break down macromolecules, cellular debris, and
foreign pathogens.
What is the role of the endoplasmic reticulum in protein processing?
✔✔The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) synthesizes and processes proteins, with the rough ER
specifically involved in protein folding and modification.
How does passive transport differ from active transport in cells?
✔✔Passive transport moves substances across the cell membrane without energy, while active
transport requires energy to move substances against their concentration gradient.
2
,What is the function of the Golgi apparatus in a cell?
✔✔The Golgi apparatus modifies, sorts, and packages proteins and lipids for secretion or
delivery to other organelles.
What is the purpose of the Krebs cycle in cellular respiration?
✔✔The Krebs cycle, also known as the citric acid cycle, produces ATP, NADH, and FADH2 by
oxidizing acetyl-CoA, which then enter the electron transport chain.
What is the role of ATP in cellular processes?
✔✔ATP provides energy for various cellular processes, including muscle contraction, active
transport, and biosynthesis.
What is the function of the nucleolus within the nucleus?
3
, ✔✔The nucleolus is responsible for synthesizing ribosomal RNA (rRNA) and assembling
ribosomal subunits.
How do enzymes speed up chemical reactions?
✔✔Enzymes speed up chemical reactions by lowering the activation energy required for the
reaction to proceed.
What is the difference between mitosis and meiosis?
✔✔Mitosis results in two genetically identical daughter cells, while meiosis produces four
genetically diverse gametes with half the number of chromosomes.
What is the role of the cell membrane's phospholipid bilayer?
✔✔The phospholipid bilayer acts as a selective barrier, controlling the entry and exit of
substances and maintaining the cell's internal environment.
What are the key differences between DNA and RNA?
4
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