NSC 114 Exam 3 Questions with Correct
Answers 2024 New Update
Middle adult physical changes: cardiovascular - Answer-Blood vessels lose elasticity
and become thicker- increased blood pressure and heart disease
Middle adult physical changes: appearance - Answer-Thinning/gray hair, skin turgor
decreases, moisture decreases
SubQ fat decreases but fatty tissue is redistributed resulting in fat deposits in the
abdominal area
Middle adult physical changes: metabolism - Answer-Metabolism slows and results in
weight gain
What does redistribution of fatty tissue in middle adults affect - Answer-SubQ injections
Middle adult physical changes: musculoskeletal - Answer-Thinning of intervertebral
disks (get shorter), calcium loss from bone tissue
Who is calcium loss from the bones more common in - Answer-Post menopausal
women
What does the loss of calcium from the bones put middle adults at risk for - Answer-
Osteoporosis- more fragile bones
Older adult age range - Answer-Over 65
Erikson's delima for the older adult - Answer-Integrity vs. despair
Erikson's delima: integrity - Answer-Feeling satisfied with their accomplishments in life
and goals that were achieved
Erikson's delima: despair - Answer-Feeling as though they don't have a purpose. They
did not accomplish what they had wanted or reach their goals
Older adult physical changes: neuromuscular - Answer-Slowed reaction time, joint
stiffness/impaired balance, decreased regulation of temperature
,What effect does a decreased regulation of temperature in older adults have on the
patient - Answer-They get colder more easily
Slowed reaction time, joint stiffness, and impaired balance puts older adults at risk for -
Answer-Falls and injuries
Older adult physical changes: sensory - Answer-Loss of visual acuity/hearing
loss/decreased taste and smell, increased threshold for pain
Deltoid injection Needle gauge and length - Answer-Gauge- 23-25
Length- 1 inch
Deltoid injection maximum amount - Answer-1 mL
Deltoid injection syringe size - Answer-3-5 mL
Vastus Lateralis needle gauge and length - Answer-Gauge- 21 or 22
Length- 1-1.5 inch
Vastus Lateralis maximum amount - Answer-3 mL
Vastus Lateralis syringe size - Answer-3-5 mL
Ventrogluteal needle gauge and length - Answer-Gauge- 21 or 22
Length- 1-1.5 inch
Ventrogluteal syringe size - Answer-3-5 mL
SubQ needle gauge and length - Answer-Gauge- 25-30
Length- 3/8-5/8 inch
SubQ maximum amount - Answer-1 mL
SubQ syringe size - Answer-1-2 mL or tuberculin
SubQ injection sites - Answer-Lower belly, back of arm, top of chest, areas with fatty
tissue
ID needle gauge and length - Answer-Gauge- 25-27
Length- 1/4-5/8 inch
ID maximum amount - Answer-0.5 mL
ID syringe size - Answer-1 mL or tuberculin
ID injection sites - Answer-Inner forearm, above chest, top of back
,Z-track needle gauge and length - Answer-Gauge- 21-23
Length- 1-1.5 inch
Z-track maximum amount - Answer-3 mL
Z-track syringe size - Answer-3-5 mL
Z-track sites - Answer-Ventrogluteal and Vastus Lateralis
Nutrition - Answer-What a person eats and how the body uses it
Nutrients - Answer-Organic and inorganic substances found in foods and required for
body function
Nutritive value - Answer-Nutrient content of a specified food
Micronutrients - Answer-Vitamins and minerals that are required in mg or mcg
Sugars - Answer-Simplest carbohydrate
Macronutrients - Answer-Water, carbohydrates, protein, fats, and vitamins/minerals that
are required in hundreds of grams
Are sugars water soluble - Answer-Yes
Types of sugars - Answer-Monosaccharides and disaccharides
Examples of monosaccharides - Answer-Glucose, fructose, galactose
Which monosaccharide is most abundant - Answer-Glucose
Examples of disaccharides - Answer-Sucrose, lactose, maltose
Starches - Answer-Polysaccharides
Are starches soluble in water - Answer-No
Fiber - Answer-Supplies roughage or bulk
What do enzymes do - Answer-Break down substances
Major enzymes - Answer-ptyalin (salivary amylase), pancreatic amylase, and
disaccharidases
End products of carbohydrate breakdown - Answer-Monosaccharides- glucose
, Where are broken down carbohydrates typically absorbed - Answer-The small intestine
Why does the body break carbohydrates down to glucose - Answer-Maintain blood
glucose levels
To provide a ready source of energy
What happens the the glucose made during carbohydrate breakdown - Answer-Either
used or stored as glycogen or fat
Proteins are made of - Answer-Amino acids
What do proteins do - Answer-Build and repair
Essential amino acids must be - Answer-Supplied
Do non essential amino acids need to be e supplied - Answer-No- the body can
manufacture these
Complete proteins - Answer-Contain all of the essential amino acids
Examples of complete protiens - Answer-Meats, fish, dairy, eggs
Incomplete protiens - Answer-Vegetables
Where does digestion begin - Answer-In the mouth
What enzyme in the mouth begins digestion - Answer-Pepsin
Where is most protein digested - Answer-In the small intestine
The pancreas secretes - Answer-Proteolytic enzymes
What are the enzymes secreted by the pancreas - Answer-Trypsin, chymotrypsin,
carboxyoeotidase
What is secreted in the intestine to break down protiens - Answer-Aminopeptidase and
dipeptidase
How are amino acids stored after protein breakdown - Answer-As plasma protein or
body tissue ("metabolic pool")
Nitrogen balance - Answer-Net result of intake and loss of nitrogen
What kind of diet is given to burn victims/patients with muscle waste/breakdown -
Answer-High protein
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