NSC 3361 Psychopathology Exam Questions with Correct Answers
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Module
NSC 3361 Psychopathology
Institution
NSC 3361 Psychopathology
NSC 3361 Psychopathology Exam Questions with Correct Answers
What gene is affected in bipolar disorder? - Answer-"Clock" gene => related to sleep regulation
How predictable is cycling in bipolar disorder? what is the legnth? - Answer-- some are regular while others are unpredictable
- len...
NSC 3361 Psychopathology Exam
Questions with Correct Answers
What gene is affected in bipolar disorder? - Answer-"Clock" gene => related to sleep
regulation
How predictable is cycling in bipolar disorder? what is the legnth? - Answer-- some are
regular while others are unpredictable
- length varies from days to months
Describe the size and composition of ventromedial cortex in people who are depressed
- Answer-- 40% smaller
- neuron number is normal but glial cells are much reduced
What area of the brain varies with mood state? - Answer-ventral prefrontal cortex (box)
What part of the brain increases activity at the start of a manic period? - Answer-
subgenual prefrontal cortex
What part of the brain may be a "bipolar switch"? - Answer-subgenual prefrontal cortex
What type of drugs are DA antagnonists? - Answer-neuroleptics
What drug produces schizophrenic-like symptoms? - Answer-chronic amphetamine use
What type of treat of Parkinson's may produce psychosis? - Answer-L-dopa (pre-cursor
to DA)
What can happen when you treat schizophrenia with antidopamine drugs? - Answer-
produce Parkinson symptoms
What area of the brain is there increased D2 levels in schizophrenics? - Answer-
auditory thalamus
What is unique about the auditory thalamus in schizophrenics? - Answer-contains
higher D2 levels
What type of drugs modulate the function of D2 receptors? - Answer-antipsychotic
drugs
How does current antipsychotic drugs treat schizophrenia? - Answer-modulate function
of dopamine D2 receptors
, problems with dopamine hypothesis - Answer-1) schizophrenics have normal DA
metabolite levels
2) drugs block DA receptors much faster than symptoms are reduced
3) positive symptoms respond better to DA blocking drugs
4) some patients don't improve on antidopamine drugs
what pathways do negative symptoms of schizophrenia follow? - Answer-- mesocortical
pathway
- tuberoinfindibular pathway
what pathways do positive symptoms of schizophrenia follow? - Answer-- mesolimbic
pathway
- nigrostriatal pathway
two brand names of atypical neuroleptic drugs - Answer-1) Risperidone
2) Abilify
what is the effect of atypical neuroleptic drugs? - Answer-1) block serotonin (5HT2)
receptors
2) block D2 recpetors
3) some increase dopamine in frontal cortex
glutamate hypothesis of schizophrenia - Answer-Schizophrenia is due to
underactivation of glutamate receptors
what is PCP relation to NMDA? - Answer-an antagonist
how does PCP affect NMDA receptors? - Answer-PCP is an NMDA receptor antagonist;
prevents glutamate from acting normally
what occurs if NMDA receptor underactivation is prolonged? - Answer-symptoms of
acute schizophrenia emerge
how does atypical antipsychotics affect glutamate? - Answer-decrease glutamate
reuptake by downregulating glutamate transporter gene (increasing synaptic glutamate
levels)
schizophrenia endocannabinoids theory - Answer-overactivity of endocannabinoids
what receptors do endocannainoids act on? - Answer-CB1 receptors
function of CB1 receptors - Answer-inhibitory modulator of other neurotransmitters
what is the endocannainoids levles in CSF of schizophrenics? - Answer-they are
elevated
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