NSC 3361 Exam 1 Questions and Answers All Correct
Sequence of transmission at chemical synapse - Answer-1. Action potential travels down axon to axon terminal.
2. Voltage-gated calcium channels open and Ca2+ enters.
3. Synaptic vesicles fuse with membrane and release transmitter into the cleft....
NSC 3361 Exam 1 Questions and
Answers All Correct
Sequence of transmission at chemical synapse - Answer-1. Action potential travels
down axon to axon terminal.
2. Voltage-gated calcium channels open and Ca2+ enters.
3. Synaptic vesicles fuse with membrane and release transmitter into the cleft.
4. Transmitter binds to post-synaptic receptor, causing EPSP or IPSP.
5. May bind to the presynaptic autoreceptors, decreasing release.
6. Neurotransmitter is inactivated by degradation or reuptake.
What happens when an action potential reaches the end of an axon? - Answer-It
causes the release of a neurotransmitter into the synapse.
Excitatory postsynaptic potential (EPSP) - Answer-small local DEpolarization that
pushes cell closer to threshold
- results from Na+ ions entering the cell, making the inside more positive
Inhibitory postsynaptic potential (IPSP) - Answer-small local HYPERpolarization that
pushes cell away from threshold
- IPSP results from Cl- ions entering cell, making the inside more negative
Both IPSPs and EPSPs are integrated by the __________. - Answer-axon hillock
Neurotransmitter reuptake - Answer-after neurotransmitter excites or inhibits a receptor
it separates from the receptor, ending the message and is reabsorbed by the axon that
released it
Neurotransmitter degradation - Answer-the breakdown/inactivation of transmitter by an
enzyme
Review: - Answer-1. Transmitter release from the presynaptic neuron.
2. Opens ion channels (like Na+) in postsynaptic membrane.
3. Create depolarizing current (EPSP).
4. Flows passively down to axon hillock.
5. Action potential is triggered.
6. Conducted down the axon to presynaptic terminal.
7. Cycle continues.
Ligands - Answer-fit receptors to activate or block them (think lock and key)
Endogenous ligand - Answer-neurotransmitters and hormones
, Exogenous ligands - Answer-drugs and toxins from outside
Acetylcholine receptor - Answer-a synapse the uses ACh has ligand-binding sites for
ACh on neurotransmitter receptor molecules in the postsynaptic membrane.
The number of receptors varies over time due to: - Answer-up-regulation: an increase in
the number of receptors (ex. nicotine receptors when you start smoking --->
sensitization)
primary neuroscience focus - Answer-understand genes at a molecular level
What did Hippocrates believe? - Answer-Thought and emotion reside in the brain;
therefore one must study the brain first
What did Descartes believe? - Answer-(mechanistic model) He believed in a mind/brain
connection
What is neuroscience? - Answer-A branch of science dealing with the structure and
function of the nervous system at molecular, cellular, and system levels.
Research on neuroscience serves to understand basic neurophysiology, disease, and
behavior.
Central Nervous System (CNS) - Answer-comprised of the brain and spinal cord
Peripheral Nervous System (PNS) - Answer-the sensory and motor neurons that
connect the CNS to the rest of the body; made up of 31 pairs of neurons
Main function is to receive information from the outside
The brain is protected by ____________ to protect against damage. - Answer-
cerebrospinal fluid (CSF)
Frontal lobe - Answer-executive functions
Motor cortex - Answer-movement
Sensory cortex - Answer-sensations
Parietal lobe - Answer-perceptions
Occipital lobe - Answer-vision
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