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CHEM 120 FINAL EXAM/59 QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS 2024
CHEM 120 FINAL EXAM/59 QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS 2024
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CHEM 120 FINAL EXAM/59 QUESTIONSAND ANSWERS 2024
ionic compounds - --deals with charged particles
-oppositely charged particles are attracted to each other
-look for presence of metals and polyatomic ions
-molecular compounds - --share electrons
-nonmetals
-no polyatomic ions unless its an acid
-Type I metals - --ionic compounds
-group 1A,2A,3A
-one type of charge state
-Name of metal +ion
-if metal+nonmetal:
name of metal+base name of nonmetal +ide
-if metal+polyatomic ion:
name of metal+name of polyatomic ion
-Type II metals - --ionic compounds
-charge states vary
-Name of metal+it's charge as a roman numeral+ion
-if metal+nonmetal:
name of metal+its charge as a roman numeral+base name of nonmetal+ide
-if metal+polyatomic ion:
name of metal+its charge as a roman numeral+name of polyatomic ion
-Molecular compounds: nonmetal+nonmetal - --prefix+name of 1st
nonmetal+prefix+name of second nonmetal
-no mono for first nonmetals
-Acids - --are molecular compounds but behave like ionic compounds when
put in water
-dissolved in water(aqueous)
-binary or oxy acids
-Binary acids - --hydro+base name of second nonmetal+ic+acid
-hydro means no oxygen present
-Oxy acids - --contains oxygen as a part of a polyatomic ion
-ate becomes ic
-ite becomes ous
-ex: HNO₃→nitric acid
, -ACID EXCEPTIONS - -H₂SO₄→sulfuric acid
H₂SO₃→sulfurous acid
H₃PO₄→phosphoric acid
H₃PO₃→phosphorous acid
-hydrates - -name of ionic compound∙prefix+hydrate
-Planck's constant - -h=6.626* 10⁻³⁴joules seconds
used in formulas for energy, wavelength, and frequency
E=h*frequency(v)
speed of light (3*10⁸ m/sec)(c)=v*wavelength(A)
E=h(c/A)
-electromagnetic spectrum - --left side of spectrum:highest energy, highest
frequency, shortest wavelength (blue light)
-right side of spectrum: lowest energy, lowest frequency, longest wavelength
(red light)
-Lewis de Broglie equation - -wavelength=plancks constant/mass*velocity
-cation - -a positively charged ion
-anion - -a negatively charged ion
usually larger than cation because electron repulsion
-electron configuration - -
1s,2s,2p,3s,3p,4s,3d,4p,5s,4d,5p,6s,4f,5d,6p,7s,5f,6d,7p,8s
ex: Ca: 1s²,2s²,2p⁶,3s²,3p⁶,4s²
-electron configuration exceptions - -Cu and Cr
Cr: (Ar) 4s¹,3d⁵
Cu:(Ar) 4s¹,3d¹⁰
-paramagnetic - -unpaired electrons in orbitals
-diamagnetic - -all electrons in orbitals are paired
-n=principle quantum number - -shell number
n=1,n=2...
-l=azimuthal quantum number - -shape of orbital
s: l=0
p: l=1
d: l=2
f: l=3
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