CHEM 120 FINAL EXAM LATEST EDITION 2024/25 GUARANTEED GRADE A+
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Module
CHEM 120 FNAL EXM
Institution
CHEM 120 FNAL EXM
ionic compounds
-deals with charged particles
-oppositely charged particles are attracted to each other
-look for presence of metals and polyatomic ions
molecular compounds
-share electrons
-nonmetals
-no polyatomic ions unless its an acid
Type I metals
-ionic compounds
-group 1A,2A,3A
-...
CHEM 120 FINAL EXAM LATEST EDITION
2024/25 GUARANTEED GRADE A+
ionic compounds
-deals with charged particles
-oppositely charged particles are attracted to each other
-look for presence of metals and polyatomic ions
molecular compounds
-share electrons
-nonmetals
-no polyatomic ions unless its an acid
Type I metals
-ionic compounds
-group 1A,2A,3A
-one type of charge state
-Name of metal +ion
-if metal+nonmetal:
name of metal+base name of nonmetal +ide
-if metal+polyatomic ion:
name of metal+name of polyatomic ion
Type II metals
-ionic compounds
-charge states vary
-Name of metal+it's charge as a roman numeral+ion
-if metal+nonmetal:
name of metal+its charge as a roman numeral+base name of nonmetal+ide
-if metal+polyatomic ion:
name of metal+its charge as a roman numeral+name of polyatomic ion
Molecular compounds: nonmetal+nonmetal
-prefix+name of 1st nonmetal+prefix+name of second nonmetal
-no mono for first nonmetals
Acids
-are molecular compounds but behave like ionic compounds when put in
water
-dissolved in water(aqueous)
-binary or oxy acids
Binary acids
-hydro+base name of second nonmetal+ic+acid
-hydro means no oxygen present
Oxy acids
-contains oxygen as a part of a polyatomic ion
-ate becomes ic
, -ite becomes ous
-ex: HNO₃→nitric acid
ACID EXCEPTIONS
H₂SO₄→sulfuric acid
H₂SO₃→sulfurous acid
H₃PO₄→phosphoric acid
H₃PO₃→phosphorous acid
hydrates
name of ionic compound∙prefix+hydrate
Planck's constant
h=6.626* 10⁻ ³⁴joules seconds
used in formulas for energy, wavelength, and frequency
E=h*frequency(v)
speed of light (3*10⁸ m/sec)(c)=v*wavelength(A)
E=h(c/A)
electromagnetic spectrum
-left side of spectrum:highest energy, highest frequency, shortest
wavelength (blue light)
-right side of spectrum: lowest energy, lowest frequency, longest
wavelength (red light)
Lewis de Broglie equation
wavelength=plancks constant/mass*velocity
cation
a positively charged ion
anion
a negatively charged ion
usually larger than cation because electron repulsion
electron configuration
1s,2s,2p,3s,3p,4s,3d,4p,5s,4d,5p,6s,4f,5d,6p,7s,5f,6d,7p,8s
ex: Ca: 1s²,2s²,2p⁶,3s²,3p⁶,4s²
electron configuration exceptions
Cu and Cr
Cr: (Ar) 4s¹,3d⁵
Cu:(Ar) 4s¹,3d¹⁰
paramagnetic
unpaired electrons in orbitals
diamagnetic
all electrons in orbitals are paired
n=principle quantum number
shell number
n=1,n=2...
l=azimuthal quantum number
shape of orbital
s: l=0
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