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Action potential and nerve conduction & neuromuscular junction Questions with Correct Answers
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Action potential and nerve conduction & neuromuscular junction Questions with Correct Answers
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Action potential and nerve conduction & neuromuscularjunction Questions with Correct Answers
Neurons Correct Answer-are specialised cells that function to transmit
electrical impulses within the nervous system
Label the diagram of a neuron Correct Answer-
Draw a labelled diagram of a motor neuron. Correct Answer-a. cell body
- shown with a nucleus;
b. nucleus correctly labelled;
c. axon - shown as double line longer than the longest dendrite;
d. myelin sheath/Schwann cells - surrounding the axon;
e. nodes of Ranvier - shown in axon;
f. dendrites - shown extending from the cell body;
g. motor end plates - not covered by myelin sheath and ending with
buttons/dots;
,Basic structure Correct Answer-Dendrites - Short-branched fibres that
convert chemical information from other neurons or receptor cells into
electrical signals
Axon - An elongated fibre that transmits electrical signals to terminal
regions for communication with other neurons or effectors
Soma - A cell body containing the nucleus and organelles, where
essential metabolic processes occur to maintain cell survival
Do all neurons surrounded by a myelin sheath? Correct Answer-No
Role of myelin sheath Correct Answer-The myelin sheath improves the
conduction speed of electrical impulses along the axon, but require
additional space and energy
Saltatory conduction Correct Answer-action potentials jump from node
to node
Factors which affect speed of saltatory Correct Answer-Myelination -
myelinated AP will travel fast
Diameter - wider diameter = less resistance = faster
How do AP travel down demyelinated nerves? Correct Answer-In
unmyelinated axons, the action potential travels continuously along the
axons
, What is the function of neurons? Correct Answer-Neurons are
specialized cells that rapidly transmit electrical impulses from one
location in the body to another.
Neurons enable rapid internal communication, which is essential for
survival.
How do neurons generate and conduct electrical signals? Correct
Answer-By pumping positively charged ions (Na+ and K+) across their
membrane
The unequal distribution of ions on different sides of the membrane
creates a charge difference called a membrane potential
Resting potential Correct Answer-A resting potential is the difference in
charge across the membrane when a neuron is not firing
the potential difference (or voltage) across the plasma membrane when
the neuron is at rest.
State the value of the resting membrane potential Correct Answer--
70mV
What controls the resting membrane potential? Correct Answer-Na+ and
K+
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