Microbiology
Chapter 4-
Prokaryotes (120
questions
already graded
A+)
Distinguishing Characteristics- Prokaryotes
("Prenucleus") - answer 1. DNA not enclosed w/in
a membrane. Singular circularly arranged
chromosome.
2. NOT associated with histones
3. Lack membrane-enclosed organelles
4. Cell walls almost always have complex
polysaccharide peptidoglycan
5. Binary fission. (DNA copies, split into two)
,Distinguishing Characteristics- Eukaryotes ("True
Nucleus") - answer 1. DNA is in nucleus and in
multiple chromosomes. Separated from cytoplasm
by a nuclear membrane.
2. DNA associated with proteins- Histones and Non-
histones.
3. Membrane-enclosed organelles: Mitochondria,
ER, Golgi Complex, Lysosomes and Chloroplasts.
4. If cell walls= simple!
5. Mitosis
Bacteria range in size from _____ in diameter and
______ in length. - answer 0.2-2.0 micrometers -
diameter
2-8 micrometers- length
What are the 3 possible shapes of bacteria? -
answer Coccus: spherical
Bacillus: rod-shaped
Spiral
Cocci are usually ______ and are elongated and
flattened on one side - answer Round
Cocci ______ to reproduce - answer divide!
, After division of Cocci, cells can remain attached.
If they remain in pairs= ________
Remain in chainlike patterns= _______
Divide in 2 plains and remain in groups of 4 =___
Divide in 3 planes & remain in groups of 8=_____
Divide in many planes & form clusters=________ -
answer Pairs= diplococci
Patterns= streptococci
Groups of 4= tetrads
Groups of 8= sarcinae
Clusters= staphylococci
Bacilli appear as _______ and divide only across their
short axis - answer single rods
Diplobacilli - answer Appear in pairs after division
Streptobacilli - answer Occur in chains
Coccobacilli - answer Oval, look very similar to
coci
The benefits of buying summaries with Stuvia:
Guaranteed quality through customer reviews
Stuvia customers have reviewed more than 700,000 summaries. This how you know that you are buying the best documents.
Quick and easy check-out
You can quickly pay through credit card for the summaries. There is no membership needed.
Focus on what matters
Your fellow students write the study notes themselves, which is why the documents are always reliable and up-to-date. This ensures you quickly get to the core!
Frequently asked questions
What do I get when I buy this document?
You get a PDF, available immediately after your purchase. The purchased document is accessible anytime, anywhere and indefinitely through your profile.
Satisfaction guarantee: how does it work?
Our satisfaction guarantee ensures that you always find a study document that suits you well. You fill out a form, and our customer service team takes care of the rest.
Who am I buying these notes from?
Stuvia is a marketplace, so you are not buying this document from us, but from seller BRAINBOOSTERS. Stuvia facilitates payment to the seller.
Will I be stuck with a subscription?
No, you only buy these notes for £13.90. You're not tied to anything after your purchase.
