Basic introduction to the skeletal system's role in the human body.
Bone Types: Description of the different types of bones (long, short, flat, and irregular).
Bone Structure: Details on bone composition including compact and spongy bone, as well as bone marrow.
Bone Functions: Key functio...
1) Human bone…………….. 5
2) Human skeleton………… (5-7)
3) Human Skull…………… (8-9)
4) Vertebral Column………. (9-16)
5) Ribs and Sternum……….. (16-17)
6) Pectoral and Pelvic Girdles………. (17-20)
7) Fore-and hind limbs…………… (20-24)
8) Joints…………………………… (24-26)
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, HUMAN BONE
This tissue is the major component of the
vertebral skeleton. It consists of living bone
cells(osteocytes), protein fibers(collagen)
and minerals, mainly carbon phosphate and
calcium carbonate. The minerals (nonliving)
makes up two-thirds of the mass of bone. As
a result, bone is a stronger and more rigid
tissue than cartilage. Bones have their own
blood supply to nourish them. We have 206
bones in an adult human body and 300
bones in an infant.
HUMAN SKELETON
The human skeleton is a body framework
that protects the body’s internal organs,
support the weight of the body and allow
movements for humans. The human
skeleton is an example of an Endoskeleton.
The human skeleton is divided into two
parts namely;
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,An axial skeleton which contains the
skull, vertebral column and sternum
(Breastbone) and the ribs
The appendicular skeleton which
consists of the girdles (pectoral and
pelvic) i.e. shoulder and hips arm and
the limbs (forelimbs and hindlimbs) i.e.
arms and legs.
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, FIGURE A
Source: www.wikipedia.com
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, HUMAN SKULL
The human skull is made up of several flat
bones which are formed together by means
of joints called sutures. They are 22 bones in
the skull which are joined together to form;
The brain box(cranium),the face consisting
of the upper jaw and the(maxilla) and
cavities for the main sense organs, the eyes,
ears and nose and the lower jaw(mandible)
which is a single curved bone that hinges
with the rest of the skull in such a way that
it can move up and down. Both upper and
lower jaws bear teeth for chewing food. The
base of the skull pivots on the top vertebra
of the vertebral column. This allows us to
nod and rotate our heads.
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, FIGURE B
Source: www.britannica.com
THE VETEBRAL COLUMN
This is known as the backbone or spinal
column, is the central supporting structure
of the skeleton. In humans, it consists of 22
vertebrae stacked into to form a flexible
column with a central canal for the spinal
cord. The vertebrae are separated by discs
of fibro-cartilage but held together by
ligaments.
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