Intro to Clinical Exam 1 (Ch. 1-6) Study Guide with Complete Solutions
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Module
Clinical Psychology
Institution
Clinical Psychology
Intro to Clinical Exam 1 (Ch. 1-6) Study
Guide with Complete Solutions
Clinical psychology began when... - Answer️️ -Early 20th century (1900s)
with Sigmund Freud's psychodynamics in Europe - psychoanalysis:"Road
to the Unconscious" book, free association, dream work, personality
developme...
Intro to Clinical Exam 1 (Ch. 1-6) Study
Guide with Complete Solutions
Clinical psychology began when... - Answer✔️✔️-Early 20th century (1900s)
with Sigmund Freud's psychodynamics in Europe - psychoanalysis:"Road
to the Unconscious" book, free association, dream work, personality
development (id, ego, superego), psychosexual stage of development,
defense mechanisms
Who, when, and where was the first psych clinical? - Answer✔️✔️-Lightner
Witmer - - founder of the field of clinical psychology - founded the first
psychological clinic at the University of Pennsylvania in 1896 - founded the
first journal devoted to clinical psychology in 1907 (first time the term
"clinical psychology" had been published)
When was the Boulder Conference? What did it emphasize? - Answer✔️✔️-
1949 (40s) - first ever conference on graduate training in clinical psychology
- held in Boulder, Colorado -
alternate name for the *scientist-practitioner model* - competence in the
application of clinical methods (assessment, psychotherapy, etc.) and the
research methods necessary to study and evaluate the field scientifically -
classes in statistics and research methods and classes in psychotherapy and
assessment
Vail Model (Practitioner-scholar) - Answer✔️✔️-1973 (70s) - conference on
graduate training in Vail, Colorado - *practitioner-scholar model* -
emphasized extensive training in the development of applied clinical skill -
coursework directly related to practice - birth of the PsyD degree
Clinical-Scientists Model - Answer✔️✔️-1990s - movement toward increased
empiricism - science should be the bedrock of clinical psychology -
emphasized science more than Boulder model - Ph.D awarded met a strong
emphasis on the scientific method and evidence-based clinical method -
created Academy of Psychological Clinical Science (very elite, prominent,
influential)
Who is Emil Kraepelin? - Answer✔️✔️-Father of descriptive psychiatry - first
to promote different categories of mental illness - exogenous disorders
(caused by external factors) and endogenous disorders (caused by internal
factors) - gave name to specific disorders within the categories - *dementia
praecox* to describe one endogenous disorder similar to what is now
known as schizophrenia - set standard for DSM models
Year of first DSM? - Answer✔️✔️-Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of
Mental Disorders - DSM was published by the American Psychiatric
Association in 1952 as the prevailing diagnostic guide for mental health
professionals, containing the definitions of all mental disorders
Current DSM: What is it entitled? Published? Who publishes it? -
Answer✔️✔️-Currently on DSM-5 - published by the American Psychiatric
Association - published in May 2013
What group of professionals most treated mental illness early in the clinical
psych era (1900-1950)? - Answer✔️✔️-Medical practioneers (Freud was a
neruologist)
What is the most popular/used cognitive orientation today? - Answer✔️✔️-
Cognitive therapy, with its emphasis on logical thinking as the foundation
of psychological wellness, has intensified to the point that it has become
the most popular singular orientation among clinical psychologists
Overdiagnosis, Diagnostic expansion, Diagnostic inflation - Answer✔️✔️-
DSM-5 has evolved since its creation - introduced numerous new disorders
and which changed the criteria for some existing disorders in such a way
that they would include more people - this climb in mental disorder rates
goes by many names: overdiagnosis, diagnostic expansion, diagnostic
inflation, diagnostic creep, medicalization of everyday problems, false
positives, and in severe cases, false epidemics - influenced by mental health
professional who just gives meds, pharmaceutical companies
What % of psychiatrists who were apart of the DSM-5 have ties to
pharmaceutical companies? - Answer✔️✔️-69%
57% in DSM-IV
What non-physician groups already have prescription privileges? -
Answer✔️✔️-Psychologists can prescribe in New Mexico, Louisiana, and IL -
Dentists, podiatrists, optometrists, and advanced practice nurses can
prescribe medicine
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