Bio 1500 Final Exam (Mizzou) Study Guide.
Dragon fly size - answer-high O2 levels in carboniferous allowed them to grow big
-later in history predators constrained the max size
O2 levels in atomosphere - answercyanobacteria and green algae chloroplasts contributed....
through photosynthesis
ol...
step 1 of photosynthesis - answer✔✔-light reactions
-ATP is synthesized, NADPH is generated
-water is split apart, releasing O2 as a by product
ATP - answer✔✔-used to transport E around cells
-chemical E stored in the bonds
-important bonds between 2nd and 3rd phosphate group
-going to lower energy state breaks bonds and releases the energy
step 2 of photosynthesis - answer✔✔-light independent reactions
-E from ATP & NADPH are used to build glucose from CO2 & water (Carbon Cycle)
Great Oxygenation Event - answer✔✔-3 -2.3 bya
-cyanobacteria evolved photosynthesis
-free O2 as a side effect... led to some O2 levels in atmosphere
O2 accumulation in atmosphere - answer✔✔-minerals formed (ex: banded iron ore)
-ozone layer formed (protection from UV light)
-free O2 toxic to cells
-O2 reacted with methane.... led to snowball ice age
-prokaryotes evolved ways to use O2... evolution of cellular respiration
Evolution - answer✔✔-a change in allele frequencies in a population
-natural selection is one of the mechanisms
gene - answer✔✔-a segment of DNA w/ instructions for building a protein molecule
-specifies the sequence of amino acids that makeup the protein
alleles - answer✔✔-different possible forms of the same gene
-differ in DNA sequence & in protein structure they code for
-may be many alleles for same gene
-any 1 person can have max of 2 different alleles
Natural Selection - answer✔✔-phenotypes are variable in population
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