AQA 2024
A-level
HISTORY
7042/2N
Component 2N Revolution and
dictatorship: Russia, 1917–1953
Question paper and Mark scheme
Merged
,A-level
HISTORY
Component 2N Revolution and dictatorship: Russia, 1917–1953
Friday 7 June 2024 Afternoon Time allowed: 2 hours 30 minutes
Materials
For this paper you must have:
• an AQA 16-page answer book.
Instructions
• Use black ink or black ball-point pen.
• Write the information required on the front of your answer book. The Paper Reference is
7042/2N.
• Answer three questions.
In Section A answer Question 01.
In Section B answer two questions.
Information
• The marks for questions are shown in brackets.
• The maximum mark for this paper is 80.
• You will be marked on your ability to:
– use good English
– organise information clearly
– use specialist vocabulary where appropriate.
Advice
• You are advised to spend about:
– 1 hour on Question 01 from Section A
– 45 minutes on each of the two questions answered from Section B.
IB/M/Jun24/G4006/E2 7042/2N
, 2
Section A
Answer Question 01.
Source A
From a statement issued by the Communist Party (CPSU) Congress, January 1924. The
Congress had voted in favour of the policies of the triumvirate of Stalin, Kamenev and
Zinoviev.
The opposition headed by Trotsky has tried to accuse the party of a lack of democracy
and excessive bureaucracy. Such direct attempts to discredit the party apparatus cannot
lead to anything other than the separation of government institutions from the party. The
opposition has revealed a completely un-Bolshevik approach to the question of party
discipline. This is reminiscent of when Lenin had to struggle against the destructive 5
views of intellectuals in questions of organisation and defend the foundations of
proletarian discipline in the party. The opposition has violated the decision made by the
Tenth Congress in March 1921 which prohibited the formation of factions within the party.
They seek to make the Central Committee an intermediary between factions. This view
of the party has nothing in common with Leninism. The opposition is a threat to the unity 10
of the state apparatus. These factional moves by the opposition have strengthened the
hopes of all enemies of the party.
Source B
From a speech given whilst under arrest, to the CPSU Congress, by the economist,
Preobrazhensky, 1934. Preobrazhensky was exiled in 1927, returned after denouncing
Trotskyism, but was arrested.
In the years 1923 to 1927, I was considered the chief economist of the Trotskyist
Opposition. My works, including ‘New Economics’, which discussed ways of
accumulating capital for industrialisation, were used as weapons in the struggle between
Stalin and the Left Opposition led by Trotsky. My important error consisted in
mechanically comparing our economy with western capitalism and showing a lack of faith 5
in, and contempt for, the Russian peasantry. My views were shared by the Trotskyists,
who were committed to ‘permanent revolution’, supporting the Comintern in fomenting
world-wide revolution. Like me, the Trotskyists assumed that socialist change would be a
rather long evolutionary process. I had parted company with true Leninism but events
wholly disproved what I had asserted. Lenin’s views triumphantly became reality under 10
Stalin’s leadership. Collectivisation, that is the essential point. Did I foresee
collectivisation? I did not. What was needed was Stalin’s remarkable far-sightedness,
his great courage in facing the problems and applying policies.
IB/M/Jun24/7042/2N
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