MICR 221 EXAM QUESTIONS WITH ANSWERS ALL REVISED AND UPDATED
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Module
MICR 221
Institution
MICR 221
MICR 221 EXAM QUESTIONS WITH ANSWERS ALL REVISED AND UPDATED
Pneumonic plague - Answer-lung infection, can spread from human to human. When people cough, tiny droplets move through the air,
Plague - Answer-1st use of quarantine, not very useful.
killed one third of European population. First...
MICR221 EXAM QUESTIONS WITH
REVISED ANSWERS
Commensal/Mutualistic bacteria of the GI tract - Answer-Lactobacillus, Bacteriodes,
Bifidobacterium, Clostridium, Escherichia, Enterococcus
Anaerobes in large intestine - Answer-Bacteriodes, Bifidobacterium, and Clostridium
Bacteria adapted to stomach's low pH - Answer-Helicobacter
Urease - Answer-Enzyme used for acid tolerance by Helicobacter
Aerobes - Answer-Require molecular oxygen and final electron acceptor is oxygen.
Anaerobes - Answer-Prefer absence of oxygen. also known as fermentation
Final electron acceptor in anaerobic respiration - Answer-is exogenous, e.g. nitrate,
sulphate.
Electron acceptor in fermentation - Answer-pyruvate
fermentation involves - Answer-ATP is synthesized by substrate level phosphorylation.
Facultative anaerobes - Answer-Can grow with or without oxygen
Microaerophiles - Answer-require little oxygen but not too much
Capnophiles - Answer-Require increased levels of carbon dioxide.
psychrophiles - Answer--5 to 17 degrees
psychrotrophs - Answer--2 to 35 degrees
mesophiles - Answer-15 to 45 degrees
thermophiles - Answer-42 to 80 degrees
hyperthermophiles - Answer-65 to 105 degrees
Symbiosis - Answer-Living together of organisms
Four types of Symbiosis - Answer-Commensalism, Mutualism, Pathogenesis and
Parasitism
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