DAANCE- Module 3- Anesthetic Drugs & Techniques
Anesthesia and Pharmacology Terminology - Brevital (Sodium Methohexital): ️ Primary anesthetic agent introduced in the 1960s. - Balanced Anesthesia: ️ Use of several agents together to achieve desired effects. - Basic Requisites of an Anesthetic...
- Brevital (Sodium Methohexital): ✔️ Primary anesthetic agent introduced in the 1960s.
- Balanced Anesthesia: ✔️ Use of several agents together to achieve desired effects.
- Basic Requisites of an Anesthetic: ✔️ Lack of toxicity, non-flammable, non-addictive, minimal
allergenicity.
- Analgesia: ✔️ Given to feel no pain (e.g., Fentanyl and Local anesthetics).
- Amnesia: ✔️ Induced by benzodiazepines (e.g., Versed).
- Relaxation & Immobility: ✔️ Achieved with agents like Versed, Propofol (Diprivan), Brevital
(Methohexital), and Ketamine.
- Loss of Consciousness (Hypnosis): ✔️ Induced by Propofol & Brevital.
- Wakefulness System: ✔️ Core of brainstem with neurons to the cerebrum; interrupted by sleep-
inducing drugs.
- Anxiolytic (Anxiety-Reducing) Medications: ✔️ Diazepam or Midazolam.
- Relay Center: ✔️ Sensory neurons that sense pain pass through this region.
- Homeostasis (Homeostatic State): ✔️ Normal state with minimal variation in respiration and
circulation.
, - Pharmacokinetics: ✔️ The effects that the body has on drugs.
- Pharmacodynamics: ✔️ The effects that the drug has on different body systems.
- Rapid Redistribution: ✔️ Short-acting drug that remains attached to receptor sites for a brief time
before redistributing.
- Administration Routes:
- PO (per os): ✔️ Through the mouth (delayed onset, unpredictable effects, not suitable for nauseated
patients).
- Subcutaneous (SQ): ✔️ Beneath the skin (absorption somewhat delayed compared to IM or IV).
- Intramuscular (IM): ✔️ In the muscle (unpredictable onset, cannot titrate the dose).
- Intravenous (IV): ✔️ In the vein (rapid action).
- Inhalation Route: ✔️ Inhaled (very rapid absorption and titration).
- Four Levels of Sedation Continuum:
- ✔️ Minimal Sedation
- ✔️ Moderate Sedation
- ✔️ Deep Sedation (Analgesia)
- ✔️ General Anesthesia
- Minimal Sedation (Anxiolysis): ✔️ Normal response to verbal stimulation without affecting
cardiovascular function.
- Moderate Sedation (Conscious Sedation): ✔️ Normal response to verbal/light tactile stimulation;
cardiovascular function usually maintained.
- Deep Sedation (Analgesia): ✔️ Not easily aroused, but purposeful response after repeated or painful
stimulation.
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