Anton van Leeuwenhok - Dutch merchant & scientist who observed live microorganisms (bacteria
& protozoa) through his improved compound microscope
Algae - Photosynthetic eukaryotes; can reproduce sexually or asexually; microbiologist interested
in unicellular; cell wall composed of cellulose;
Be...
BIOL 2420 EXAM #1
Anton van Leeuwenhok - Dutch merchant & scientist who observed live microorganisms (bacteria
& protozoa) through his improved compound microscope
Algae - Photosynthetic eukaryotes; can reproduce sexually or asexually; microbiologist interested
in unicellular; cell wall composed of cellulose;
Benefits of Microogranisms - basis of food chains in marine & freshwater environments;
decomposers; important role in photosynthesis; digestion in human intestine; synthesis of Vitamin B and
Vitamin K; synthesize food & alcohol
Pathogenic - disease producing
Archaea - Prokaryotic organisms with cell walls that lack peptidoglycan (if they have them); found
in extreme environments;
3 Main Groups:
-Methanogens
-Extreme Halophiles
-Extreme Thermophiles
Do not cause disease in humans
Methanogens - type of Archaea that produce methane as a waste product from respiration
Extreme Halophiles - type of Archaea that live in extremely salty environments
Extreme Thermophiles - type of Archaea that live in hot sulfurous water
Fungi - Eukaryotic organisms that can be uni (yeasts) or multicellular; cannot carry out
photosynthesis; cell walls are composed of Chitin; absorb nutrients from solutions of organic material
from their environment; reproduce sexually & asexually
, Yeasts - unicellular form of fungi; oval shaped & larger than bacteria
Molds - most typical fungi form; form visible masses called mycelia
Mycelia - visible mass of a mold made of long filaments called hyphae that branch and intertwine;
appear as cottony growths
Protozoa - Unicellular eukaryotic microbes; move using pseudopods (Amebae), flagella, or cilia;
can live independently or as parasites; can also be photosynthetic; can reproduce sexually or asexually
Microbes - minute living things that are too small to be seen with the unaided eye; include
bacteria, fungi, protozoa, microscopic algae, and viruses
Helminths - parasitic flatworms and roundworms; microscopic in size during the early stages of
their lives; eukaryotic
Classification of Microogranisms - Created by Carl Woese;
Cell Theory - First discovered by Robert Hooke when he used his microscope to view cells in cork;
theory that all living things are composed of cells
Spontaneous Generation - belief that some forms of life could arise spontaneously from nonliving
matter
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