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MELNIC QUESTIONS & ANSWERS 100% CORRECT, GRADED A+
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MELNIC QUESTIONS & ANSWERS 100% CORRECT, GRADED A+
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MELNICQUESTIONS &
ANSWERS 100%
CORRECT,
GRADED A+
Evatee 9/2/24 MELNIC
,MELNIC QUESTIONS & ANSWERS 100%
CORRECT, GRADED A+
Which of the following best describes continuous renal replacement therapy
(CCRT)
A. Blood from an artery is circulated to a hemofilter using only arterial pressure
and not a blood pump
B. Blood is circulated by hydrostatic pressure through a semipermeable
membrane
C. Blood is pumped through a double-lumen venous catheter to a hemofilter
D. A dialysate is used to increase clearance of uremic toxins Answer - B ---CCRT
circulates the blood by hydrostatic pressure through a semipermeable
membrane. It is used in critical care units because it can be instituted quickly.
Explanation: A. Blood is pumped through a double-lumen venous catheter to a
hemofilter is continuous venovenous hemofiltration (CVVH)
B. Use of a dialysate to increase clearance of uremic toxins is also a description
of CVVH
D. Blood from an artery circulated to a hemofilter using only arterial pressure
and not a blood pump is an example of continuous arteriovenous
hemofiltration (CAVH)
Complications associated with dialysis include:
A. Peritonitis
B. Dysrhythmias
C. Bleeding especially in females
,D. Anorexia Answer - B---Dysrhythmias.Hemodialysis can cause hypotension,
muscle cramping and dysrhythmias during treatment
Explanation: A, B, C are all examples of complications of peritoneal dialysis.
The difference in myocarditis and pericarditis is:
A. Myocarditis is diagnosed by a myocardial biopsy
B. Pericarditis is treated according to the cause and the type and extent of
inflammation
C. Pericarditis is caused by endocarditis
D. Myocarditis requires pericardiocentesis Answer - B--- Diagnostic procedures
for pericarditis are similar to those for endocarditis and myocarditis. The age,
size and condition of the patient with pericarditis also determine treatment
which may include: analgesics, anti-inflammatory drugs, restriction of activity,
corticosteroids, and surgical intervention including percardiocentesis
Explanation: A. Performing a myocardial biopsy in a patient with suspected
myocarditis would allow diagnosis but the procedure is so high risk due to the
friability of the myocardium, it is not recommended
C. Myocarditis may be a complication of endocarditis but is usually triggered by
a viral infection such as influenza, coxsackie and HIV
D. Pericarditis may require surgical intervention such as pericardiocentesis or
removing fluid from the pericardial sac to relieve increasing pressure and
diagnose causative agents.
Acute tubular necrosis (ATN) occurs when a hypoxic condition causes renal
ischemia that damages tubular cells of the glomeruli so they are unable to
, adequately filter the urine, leading to acute renal failure. Treatment of ATN
includes:
A. Loop diuretics
B. Fluid restriction
C. Antibiotics
D. FFP for coagulopathy Answer - A---Loop diuretics: Adequate fluid balance is
necessary to perfuse the kidneys. Identifying and treating underlying cause is
key
Explanation: C. Antibiotics including sulfonamides and streptomycin can cause
ATN. Antibiotics should only be continued if infection is present
D. Coagulopathy may develop if uremia is present. Uremia leads to destruction
of platelets and bleeding.
In Piaget's formal operational stage, development includes:
A. Egocentrism
B. Flexibility of thought
C. Magical thinking
D. Organization Answer - B---Flexibility of thought-The formal operational stage
of Piaget's theory of cognitive approach to development includes abstract
thought and flexibility of thought. The age range a child begins to exhibit this is
12 years and older
The most common cause of bladder obstruction in the pediatric male patient
is:
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