Timeline covering all events you will need to know for the 5th Century BC Greece (relationships between Greek states and Greek states and non-Greek states) topic.
A brief description of the event is written with a personal interpretation of why the event was significant written in purple text. ...
Persian invasion of Greece // Prelude to the First Peloponnesian War
Leadership • Greece had a plethora of competent military leaders such as Themistocles, Miltiades, Eurybiades and Leonidas, arguably
enabled by the relative democracy there compared to Persia.
Unit One • Conversely, Persian control was centralised in the hands of a king who inherited his position rather than gaining it by me
key idea: Strategy/militar • Greece routinely demonstrated that they were more resourceful and tactical than Persia, who often relied on their stren
Why did y tactics in numbers.
• Additionally, Greek hoplites were arguably better-suited to the mountainous terrain of Greece rather than the Persians, w
Greece were suited to the plains of central Asia.
win/Persia Greek • It could be argued that Greece and its culture was united by the external, existential threat of Persia, whom they perceiv
unity/resolve “barbarians”.
lose? • The Persians were invaders, and so arguably had less motivation to fight to defend their homes and families (Herodotus;
Marathon) than the Greeks.
Greek naval • The Greeks had a superior navy to Persia, whose military power was primarily centered in its army. This was demonstrate
power through Greece’s ability in the Battles of Artemisium and Salamis.
Led to the loss of 800
Darius was furious at Persian ships, significant
Mardon
Athens’ intervention and morale blow for Persia.
point
vowed to exact revenge. 12 participating poleis,
abando
Provides a motive for his including Thebes,
engagem
invasion of Greece. Megara and Troezen.
Commanded by Datis Led by Xerxes to shore up Naval battle led by Athenian Final
Aristagoras, tyrant of
and Artaphernes. support after a navarch Themistocles that P
Miletus, revolts against
Cyclades annexed and tumultuous succession. occurred concurrently with comm
Persia and persuades
Naxos is razed before Arguably most Thermopylae, for the same with 31
Athens to give support.
they arrive at Attica. consequential invasion. purpose.
Ionian Revolt First Persian invasion Second Persian invasion Battle of Artemisium B
(499-494) (490) (480) (480)
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