BIPN 152- Lecture 5 Synaptic Plasticity, Learning and Memory Questions And Answers With Latest Quiz
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Module
BIPN 152- Lecture 5 Synaptic Plasticity, Learning
Institution
BIPN 152- Lecture 5 Synaptic Plasticity, Learning
How does the Morris Water Maze task function? - A mouse is placed in a murky water tank and,
because mice do not enjoy being in water, it will try to look for a way out, and after many trials the
mouse learns that there is a platform somewhere in the tank upon which it can rest from swimming, and...
BIPN 152- Lecture 5 Synaptic Plasticity,
Learning and Memory
How does the Morris Water Maze task function? - A mouse is placed in a murky water tank and,
because mice do not enjoy being in water, it will try to look for a way out, and after many trials the
mouse learns that there is a platform somewhere in the tank upon which it can rest from swimming, and
these trials show that the mouse becomes progressively quicker at finding the platform, demonstrating
that it maintains memory of where the platform is in the tank; when a trained mouse is given a
HIPPOCAMPAL LESION or NMDA ANTAGONIST (AP5) or KINASE BLOCKER (CaMKII mutant), the mouse
reverts back to taking much longer to find the platform in the tank, demonstrating that its memory has
been disrupted
What ions are NMDA receptors permeable to? - Ca2+, Na+, K+
What is synaptic/neural plasticity? - Long-lasting changes to the brain throughout an individual's
life
What does neural plasticity account for? - Learning and memory, cortical remapping after brain
damage, changes in behavior/emotions/abilities throughout life
How does neural plasticity result? - From interactions between genes and the environment (i.e.
NATURE VS. NURTURE)
What are the key features that a learning mechanism must exhibit? - 1. The memory system must
be LONG-LASTING/ENDURING
2. The memory must be ELICITED BY BRIEF EVENTS
3. There must be SYNAPSE SPECIFICITY in the neurons that are involved in storing/processing
information
4. There must be ASSOCIATIVITY (i.e. the systems must be able to associate two or more different events)
What are the two types of learning memory? - Declarative memory, procedural memory
What is declarative memory? - Memory for facts/events
, What is procedural memory? - Memory for skills, habits, motor responses
What is non-associative learning? - A change in a behavioral response that OCCURS OVER TIME
What are the two forms of non-associative memory? - Habituation, sensitization
What is associative learning? - The formation of association between two events
What type of learning is classical conditioning: associative or non-associative? - Associative
learning
What are the three major synapses of the tri-synaptic prime circuit? - 1. The perforant path (from
the entorhinal cortex) synapses onto the dendrites of the dentate gyrus granule cells
2. The dentate gyrus granule cells synapse onto the dendrites of the CA3 pyramidal cells
3. The CA3 pyramidal cells synapse onto the dendrites of the CA1 pyramidal cells
What is the neurotransmitter used at all three synapses of the tri-synaptic prime circuit, and what does
that say about the circuit? - Glutamate, thus this is a FEED-FORWARD EXCITATORY CIRCUIT
because glutamate is an excitatory neurotransmitter
What is long-term potentiation (LTP)? - A potential cellular and molecular mechanism for memory
in which a synapse is strengthened
What are two examples for situations in which electrophysiology recordings would be used to study
brain slices? - Excitatory post-synaptic potentials (EPSPs), frequencies of action potentials
What did Bliss and Lomo discover about LTP? - BRIEF, HIGH FREQUENCY (tetanic) STIMULATION
induced a long-lasting potentiation (enhancement) of the postsynaptic response
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