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OCRA Biology Module 2 (2.2) Basic Components of living systems Summary + Revision Notes £7.16   Add to cart
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OCRA Biology Module 2 (2.2) Basic Components of living systems Summary + Revision Notes
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Biology ALevel and AS level. OCRA Biology Module 2.2 Basic Components of living systems. Revision and summary notes. Key words. Specification. H204 and H420.

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  • September 5, 2024
  • 2
  • 2024/2025
  • Summary

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Chapter 2 Definitions:
instrument, uses visible light and lenses to magnify Light
objects microscope

LM that uses 2 lenses (objective & eyepiece) to magnify an Compound light
object microscope

using different stains to distinguish types of cells Differential
staining

application of 2nd stain to create contrast in colour Counterstain

how many times bigger that real life the object being Magnification
viewed is
shortest distance objects can be seen as separate Resolution

using a beam of electrons to illuminate a specimen Electron
microscopy

features of cells that can only be seen with an EM Ultrastructure

objects/structures on a microscope image that have been Artefacts
created by processing the specimen
beam of electrons transmitted through specimen to TEM
produce image
beam of electrons transmitted over surface of specimen to SEM
make 3D surface image
beam of fluorescence through pinhole to make image Laser scanning
confocal
microscope

cells with no membrane-bound nucleus/organelles Prokaryotic

single celled prokaryotic organisms Prokaryotes

cells with a nucleus and membrane-bound organelles Eukaryotic

multi/unicellular organisms with eukaryotic cells Eukaryotes

internal fluid of cell made of cytosol, organelles and Cytoplasm
cytoskeleton
membrane-bound compartments with varying functions in Organelles
eukaryotic cells
contains genetic material of the cell, controls Nucleus
cell functions
area within nucleus that produces ribosomes Nucleolus

proteins that form complex with DNA Histones

uncondensed DNA complex w/histones Chromatin

condensed DNA coils (chromatin), visible when cells divide Chromosomes

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