UO CDS 450 Exam 2 Questions
and Answers 100% Correct
What informs speech-language practice? - ANSWER - - a combination of
theory/research and established science
- intervention based in theory
what is the importance of a peer review - ANSWER - it critiques work and looks for
oversights, unfair influences, or mistakes in technique or reasoning, the baseline of
good science
what communication preferences do newborns show from birth? - ANSWER - - faces
(eyes)
- mothers speech, even in utero
- human voice (vs non human)
- real speech (vs nonsense)
what defines infant speech perception ability - ANSWER - ability to devote attention
to the prosodic and phonetic regularities of speech - develops tremendously in the
first year as infants move from detecting larger patterns, such as rhythm, to
detecting smaller patterns, such as combinations of specific sounds
prosodic characteristics of speech - ANSWER - frequency, duration, intensity
- combinations of them produce stress and intonation
stress - ANSWER - prominence placed on certain syllables of multisyllabic words
- stress patterns differ by language (by 9months prefer own language)
- help to begin to establish word boundaries in continuous speech
Indicators of intentionality - ANSWER - Alternating eye gaze between object and
partner, ritualized gestures, infant persists toward goal by repeating or modifying
gestures when comm. attempts fail
, category formation - ANSWER - heirarchical ability to form categories or to group
items and events according to the perceptual and conceptual features they share is
crucial for language development (3-9mo)
superordinate-level categories - ANSWER - A level of categorization broader than
the basic level that includes exemplars that can be quite dissimilar from one
another. (i.e. furniture, food, clothes)
trochaic feet - ANSWER - stressed syllable followed by unstressed
intonation - ANSWER - the rising and falling pitch of the voice, prominence of certain
syllables
categorical perception - ANSWER - group words by shared categorical features,
distinguish between two phonemes quickly
- relevant to syntax
- speech/nonspeech (basic)
- manner/place/voicing (advanced)
perceptual narrowing effect - ANSWER - through the first year, the child can
distinguish between sounds of all languages
- begin to focus more on differences that they encounter most frequently
phonotactic regularities - ANSWER - permissible combinations of phonemes in one's
native language
- differentiation between phonemes that are/are no permissible starts at 9months
- help segment words from continuous speech
allophones of the same phoneme - ANSWER - variation in sounds in the same
category
- do not signify a difference in meaning
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