BIO 353 (Cell Biology) Exam 1
True/False Revision Study Questions
and Answers Arizona State University
Why are alpha helices and beta sheets common structural elements?
Correct Answer -They do not involve bonding between R groups
List the 3 types of intra-molecular interactions in proteins:
Correct Answer -1. hydrogen bonds
2. ionic bonds
3. van der Waals forces
What does the Denaturation-Renaturation experiment indicate about
proteins? Briefly describe the
experiment.
Correct Answer -This experiment indicates that all the information
necessary to specify the three-dimensional shape of the protein is
contained in its amino acid sequence. Folded protein is exposed to urea
which denatures protein, removing urea results in refolding of peptide into
functional protein conformation
Specificity:
Correct Answer -the ability of a protein to bind to just one or a few
molecules out of many thousands of
different molecules it encounters
Ligand:
Correct Answer -any substance that can bind to a protein (another protein,
ion, small molecule or other
,macromolecules)
Binding site
Correct Answer -the region of the protein that associates with a ligand
Protein Machines:
Correct Answer -large protein complexes where each protein subunit of the
machine works in a highly coordinated manner that is driven by
hydrolysis of bound GTP or ATP. Protein complexes perform a complex
series of biological activities such as DNA replication, gene transcription,
protein synthesis, vesicle budding and transmembrane signaling
Active site:
Correct Answer -the binding site in an enzyme; region that binds the
substrate and provides the critical
3D configuration of the amino acid residues that directly participate in
making or breaking bonds
Activation energy:
Correct Answer -the minimum amount of energy that molecules must have
before successful
reactions occur
Metastable state:
Correct Answer -state of instability/ non-equilibrium; molecules lack the
energy to overcome the
activation energy
The effective interaction between the protein and its ligand is possible only
if:
, A) The ligand has the correct size
B) the surface of the ligand fits closely to the binding surface of the protein
C) the surface of the ligand has a charge opposite to that found on the
surface of the protein
D) the protein is able to form a set of strong covalent interactions with the
ligand
Correct Answer -B) the surface of the ligand fits closely to the binding
surface of the protein
The ability of a protein to bind selectively and with high affinity to specific
molecules is due to which
types of bonds?
A) strong, noncovalent bonds
B) strong, covalent bonds
C) weak, noncovalent bond
D) weak, covalent bonds
Correct Answer -C) weak, non-covalent bond
A region on the surface of an enzyme that binds to a substrate molecule
and catalyzes its chemical
transformation is called a(n):
A) ligand
B) active site
C) specific site
D) hydrolytic site
Correct Answer -B) active site
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