PSYC-355 Final Exam Questions and Answers with Complete Solutions 2024
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Module
PSYC-355
Institution
Athabasca University (AU
)
Weapon-focus effect - the tendency for the presence of a weapon to draw attention and impair a witness's ability to identify the culprit
Cross-race identification bias - the tendency for people to be more accurate at recognizing members of their own racial group than of other groups
Misinform...
PSYC-355 Final Exam Questions and Answers
with Complete Solutions 2024
Weapon-focus effect - the tendency for the presence of a weapon to draw attention and impair a witness's
ability to identify the culprit
Cross-race identification bias - the tendency for people to be more accurate at recognizing members of
their own racial group than of other groups
Misinformation effect - the tendency for false postevent misinformation to become integrated into people's
memory of an event
Polygraph - a mechanical instrument that records psychological arousal from multiple channels; it is often
used as a lie-detector test
Voir dire - the pretrial examination of prospective jurors by the judge or opposing lawyers to uncover signs
of bias
Peremptory challenge - a means by which lawyers can exclude a limited number of prospective jurors
without the judge's approval
Scientific jury selection - a method of selecting juries through surveys that yield correlations between
demographics and trial-relevant attitudes
Death qualification - a jury-selection procedure used in capital cases that permits judges to exclude
prospective jurors who say they would not vote for the death penalty
Jury nullification - the jury's power to disregard, or "nullify," the law when it conflicts with personal
conceptions of justice
Leniency bias - the tendency for jury deliberation to produce a tilt toward acquittal
, PSYC-355 Final Exam
Sentencing disparity - inconsistency of sentences for the same offense from one judge to another
Adversarial model - a dispute-resolution system in which the prosecution and defense present opposing
sides of the story
Inquisitorial model - a dispute-resolution system in which a neutral investigator gathers evidence from both
sides and presents findings in court
Industrial/Organizational (I/O) psychology - the study of human behavior in business and other
organizational settings
Hawthorne effect - the finding that workers who were given special attention increased their productivity
regardless of what actual changes were made in the work setting
Cybervetting - a controversial new practice by which employers use the internet to get informal, non-
institutional data about applicants that they did not choose to share.
Integrity tests - questionnaires designed to test a job applicant's honesty and character
Structured interview - an interview in which each job applicant is asked a standard set of questions and
evaluated on the same criteria
Assessment center - a structured setting in which job applicants are exhaustively tested and judged by
multiple evaluators
Performance appraisal - the process of evaluating an employee's work within the organization
Contingency model of leadership - the theory that leadership effectiveness is determined both by the
personal characteristics of leaders and by the control afforded by the situation
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