Pathophysiology - Innate Immunity: Inflammation an
Pathophysiology - Innate Immunity: Inflammation an
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Pathophysiology - Innate Immunity:
Inflammation and Wound Healing
A public health nurse is teaching the community about health promotion. Which information should
the nurse include for innate immunity? Innate immunity is gained:
a. Following an illness
b. At birth
c. Via injection of specific antibodies
d. In adulthood - ANSWER b. At birth
Which statement indicates teaching was successful regarding collectins? Collectins are produced by
the:
a. Kidneys
b. Bowel
c. Lungs
d. Integument - ANSWER c. Lungs
A 20-year-old male received a knife wound to the arm during an altercation. Which of the following
types of immunity was compromised?
a. Innate immunity
b. Inflammatory response
c. Adaptive immunity
d. Specific immunity - ANSWER a. Innate immunity
Biochemical secretions that trap and kill microorganisms include:
a. Hormones
b. Neurotransmitters
c. Earwax
,d. Gastric acid - ANSWER c. Earwax
A 25-year-old female presents to her primary care provider reporting vaginal discharge of a white,
viscous, and foul-smelling substance. She reports that she has been taking antibiotics for the past 6
months. Which finding will the nurse most likely see on the microorganism report?
a. Clostridium difficile overgrowth
b. Decreased Lactobacillus
c. Streptococcus overgrowth
d. Decreased Candida albicANSWER - ANSWER b. Decreased Lactobacillus
Rationale: Diminished colonization with Lactobacillus that occurs as a result of prolonged antibiotic
treatment increases the risk for vaginal infections, such as vaginosis.
When an aide asks the nurse what is a purpose of the inflammatory process, how should the nurse
respond?
a. To provide specific responses toward antigens
b. To lyse cell membranes of microorganisms
c. To prevent infection of the injured tissue
d. To create immunity against subsequent tissue injury - ANSWER c. To prevent infection of the
injured tissue
A child fell off the swing and scraped the right knee. The injured area becomes painful. What else
will the nurse observe upon assessment?
a. Vasoconstriction at injured site
b. Decreased RBC concentration at injured site
c. Pale skin at injured site
d. Edema at injured site - ANSWER d. Edema at injured site
Rationale: Increased vascular permeability and leakage of fluid out of the vessel cause edema at the
site of injury.
, A nurse recalls the mast cell, a major activator of inflammation, initiates the inflammatory response
through the process of:
a. Chemotaxis
b. Endocytosis
c. Degranulation
d. Opsonization - ANSWER c. Degranulation
Which of the following individuals would be at greatest risk for an opportunistic infection?
a. 18-year-old with diabetes
b. 70-year-old with congestive heart failure
c. 24-year-old who is immunocompromised
d. 30-year-old with pneumonia - ANSWER c. 24-year-old who is immunocompromised
Rationale: Opportunistic microorganisms can cause disease if the individual's defenses are
compromised.
The directional migration of leukocytes along a chemical gradient is termed:
a. Chemotaxis
b. Endocytosis
c. Margination
d. Diapedesis - ANSWER a. Chemotaxis
A 20-year-old male shoots his hand with a nail gun while replacing roofing shingles. Which of the
following cell types would be the first to aid in killing bacteria to prevent infection in his hand?
a. Eosinophils
b. Neutrophils
c. Leukotrienes
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